This article presents the operation of onboard integrated battery chargers tied to a nine-phase EV-drive train, shedding light on the charging performance during the postfault operation, when one or more faulty inverter legs are disconnected. The objective in that case is to ensure balanced grid currents, while maintaining minimum machine losses at zero average torque production. The proposed concept requires a minimalistic change from a control structure perspective to switch between the pre- and postfault cases. Limitations and fault cases are discussed and corroborated with experimental tests on a 1.5-kW prototype.The derived concept is parameter independent and applicable to nine-phase drives, irrespective of the type of rotor used.

Postfault Operation of Onboard Integrated Battery Charger via a Nine-Phase EV-Drive Train

Energy for tomorrow

Reliability and fault tolerance are crucial aspects for the industrialization of Airborne Wind Energy (AWE) systems, yet the scientific literature on this topic is still scarce. A study on fault tolerant control of a hybrid rigid-wing/quad- copter tethered aircraft used in AWE is presented. The fault tolerant control structure features a combination of passive measures. The former combine daisy chain control allocation with Internal Model Control (IMC), enabling the system to immediately counteract saturations or faults of one or more actuators. The active measure employs a quantitative model-based fault detection and isolation (FDI) approach to identify a failure in one or more of the discrete control surfaces (rudder, ailerons, elevator). The faulty actuator is then excluded from the control allocation strategy. The FDI approach is based on a residual indicator of the discrepancy between the actual system behavior and the one predicted by a dynamical model fed by the commanded control signals. Simulations of a realistic model of the tethered aircraft show promising performance of the method. 

Fault- Tolerant Control of a Tethered Aircraft for Airborne Wind Energy

The paper presents a new control strategy for the asymmetrical dual three-phase IPMSM, which can optimize the voltage dispatch for the torque production and harmonic compensation to obtain a wide constant torque-speed range with an improved dc-link voltage utilization, especially in field-weakening mode. Depending on the operating point, a full or partial harmonic compensation is achievable. Eventually, the current controller produces the desired torque while minimizing the stator copper losses.

Improved DC-link Voltage Utilization for Dual Three-phase Drives with Full Anti-windup and Harmonic Compensation

Reliability and fault tolerance are crucial aspects for the industrialization of Airborne Wind Energy (AWE) systems, yet the scientific literature on this topic is still scarce. A study on fault tolerant control of a hybrid rigid-wing/quad- copter tethered aircraft used in AWE is presented. The fault tolerant control structure features a combination of passive measures. The former combine daisy chain control allocation with Internal Model Control (IMC), enabling the system to immediately counteract saturations or faults of one or more actuators. The active measure employs a quantitative model-based fault detection and isolation (FDI) approach to identify a failure in one or more of the discrete control surfaces (rudder, ailerons, elevator). The faulty actuator is then excluded from the control allocation strategy. The FDI approach is based on a residual indicator of the discrepancy between the actual system behavior and the one predicted by a dynamical model fed by the commanded control signals. Simulations of a realistic model of the tethered aircraft show promising performance of the method.

This thesis proposes the utilization of DT interior permanent magnet synchronous machines. Compared to the available body of literature, the main contributions of the carried-out work are: (i) identifying the machine non-linearities; (ii) modeling and simulating the machine dynamics; (iii) efficient operation coupled with a zero steady-state error current regulator; and (iv) deriving a post-fault optimization without exceeding the machine ratings (i.e. currents and voltages). Experimental results are provided for the sake of validation.

Modelling, Control and Post-Fault Operation of Dual Three-phase Drives for Airborne Wind Energy

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Modelling, Control and Post-Fault Operation of Dual Three-phase Drives for Airborne Wind Energy