Cold start capability and durability of electrospun catalyst layer for proton exchange membrane fuel cell

The complex chemical environments and strictly limited mass transport in the catalytic layer (CL) of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) seriously hinder their performance. In this study, a one-dimensional atomically dispersed Co–N4/C porous carbon nanofiber (Co–N–PCNF) supported intermetallic L10-PtCo nanoparticle is developed as an advanced PEMFC cathode via electrospinning. Thanks to the suitable pore structure and homogeneous ionomer distribution, this unique CL exhibits an excellent pressure-independent oxygen transport resistance (RO2PI = 0.0321 s cm–1) and favorable ionomer-catalyst contact (92% dry proton accessibility) in an H2–air fuel cell. It also reveals a high initial mass activity (0.61 A mgPt–1) and extraordinary durability with MA retention of 99 and 73% after 50,000 and 100,000 cycles, respectively, exceeding the U.S. DOE 2025 targets and representing one of the most durable fuel cell catalysts ever reported. Density function theory calculations reveal that the rapid migration and decomposition of H2O2 from the Co–N4 site to L10-PtCo is the key to the accelerated oxygen reduction kinetics and the stronger binding between Co–N–PCNF and L10-PtCo compared to carbon support accounts for the much improved stability. 

Synergy between Intermetallic Pt Alloy and Porous Co–N4 Carbon Nanofibers Enables Durable Fuel Cells with Low Mass Transport Resistance

Hierarchical catalyst layer structure for enhancing local oxygen transport in low Pt proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Superhydrophobic fluorinated carbon powders for improved water management in hydrogen fuel cells

Reduction of oxygen transport resistance in PEFC cathode through blending a high oxygen permeable polymer

Introduction Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) are a promising power sources for automotive use. For the commercialization, cost reduction is one of the most important issues. In order to reduce cost, the Pt-loading of a membrane electrode assembly (MAE) should be reduced. Many studies for this purpose have been done. As a part of such studies, in-situ analytical methods for evaluating oxygen transport properties have been developed using limiting current measurements 1)2)3) . It has been found that reactant gas transport resistance in CLs (Rother) was mainly consisted of two parts, Knudsen diffusion resistance (Rk) and diffusion resistance around Pt particles (RPt). And it has been found that the diffusion resistance around Pt catalyst RPt was significantly increased when Pt loading in CLs was reduced 2) . In this study, the oxygen diffusion resistances in CLs are measured not only the limiting current measurement method but also by the oxygen-nitrogen mutual diffusion method4). The results are analyzed using the difference of oxygen diffusion pass in CLs with these two measurement methods.

Measurement of Oxygen Gas Transport Resistance in Cathode Catalyst Layers of PEFC

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Measurement of Oxygen Gas Transport Resistance in Cathode Catalyst Layers of PEFC