/pdf/phosphated-and-sulphated-marine-polyhydroxylated-steroids-1fvpyhq4iq.pdf

Phosphated and sulphated marine polyhydroxylated steroids from the starfish Tremaster novaecaledoniae

Three New Asterosaponins from the Starfish Goniopecten demonstrans

Nine new cytotoxic steroidal glycosides 1-9 have been isolated from the starfish Fromia monilis collected off New Caledonia. Structures of these compounds, which include four mono- (1-4), two di- (5, 6), and three tri-glycosides (7-9), were elucidated through spectral interpretation. Monilosides G [7], H [8], and I [9] ate the first tri-glycosides to be found among the group of glycosides of polyhydroxilated steroids from starfishes

/pdf/starfish-saponins-part-49-new-cytotoxic-steroidal-glycosides-2w43m4127w.pdf

Starfish saponins, part 49. new cytotoxic steroidal glycosides from the starfish fromia monilis

Catechol derivatives which relate to the production of nerve growth factor in particular tissues of brain are disclosed. Methods for the synthesis, data on the physiological activity, and data on the toxicity of these derivatives as well as examples of preparation for their administration are also disclosed. The disclosed derivatives provide preventive and remedial effect for regressive disorders in the central nervous system including senile dementia of Alzheimer type.

Catechol derivatives, and preventive and remedial preparations for regressive disorders in the central nervous system containing the same

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the more recent developments in the field of natural products from echinoderms. The phylum Echinodermata, which comprises about 6000 living species, is divided into five classes: Crinoidea (sea lilies and feather stars), Holoturoidea (sea cucumbers or holothurians), Echinoidea (sea urchins), Asteroidea (sea stars or starfishes), and Ophiuroidea (brittle stars). Among the echinoderms, starfishes and sea cucumbers usually contain saponins, which are responsible of their general toxicity. Chemically, saponins derived from sea cucumbers are triterpenoid glycosides, whereas those from starfishes are steroidal glycosides. The presence of oligoglycosides in both Holothuroidea and Asteroidea classes gives support to the opinion that sea cucumbers and starfishes are phylogenetically related. In starfishes and sea cucumbers Δ 7 -sterols, which are probably a consequence of the presence of haemolytic saponins, are also predominant, whereas the other three classes contain the usual Δ 5 -sterols. Haemolysis is caused by the abstraction of membrane cholesterol by the saponins. Saponins show a much lower affinity for Δ 7 -sterols and this helps to explain the apparent immunity of starfishes and sea cucumbers to their own saponins.

Structural studies on chemical constituents of echinoderms

Natural Products And Biological Activities: A NAITO FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM

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Natural Products And Biological Activities: A NAITO FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM