Pressure drop characteristics of gas–liquid two-phase flow in vertical miniature triangular channels

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/18811248.1992.9731576

Fundamental study on thermo-hydraulics during start-up in natural circulation boiling water reactors. I: Thermo-hydraulic instabilities

Experimental study of air–water two-phase flow in an 8 × 8 rod bundle under pool condition for one-dimensional drift-flux analysis

A water treatment apparatus includes a housing comprising multiple housing portions and a plurality of treatment sections disposed within the housing, each treatment section comprising at least one distinct particulate layer. The apparatus is designed so that no water pressure need be applied to force the water through the apparatus, as gravity pulls the water down through the filtering layers. Water may also be force fed through the treatment apparatus; when the water is force fed, the housing portions need not be vertically stacked, but may be configured in any suitable arrangement. The treatment sections are distributed through the various housing portions in logical groups to perform various kinds of filtering. The housing portions are detachable and sealably stackable in multiple configurations, thus passing water through more or fewer treatment layers, depending on the quality of the incoming water.

Water treatment apparatus

An electrosurgical apparatus for coagulating tissue includes an elongated flexible tube having a proximal end, a distal end and a source for supplying pressurized ionizable gas to the proximal end of the tube. The apparatus also includes a hollow sleeve made from a shape memory alloy having a generally curved austenite state and displaying stress-induced martensite behavior. The hollow sleeve is restrained in a deformed stress-induced martensite configuration within the tube and partial extension of a portion of the hollow sleeve from the tube transforms the portion of the sleeve from the deformed configuration to the generally curved austenite configuration such that the gas is directed transversely at the tissue. An electrode ionizes the gas in the region between the sleeve and the tissue. Other embodiments of the present disclosure also include a wire connected to the distal end of the tube which movable from a first postion wherein the tube is disposed in a generally rectilinear, parallel fashion relative to the tissue to a second retracted position wherein the distal end of the tube flexes at an angle to direct the gas towards the tissue. Still other embodiments of the present disclosure include a corona electrode for inducing ignition of the gas.

Articulating ionizable gas coagulator

Molten carbonate type or phosphoric acid type fuel cells and a method for supplementing these fuel cells with an electrolyte are disclosed. A fuel cell having an extended life is provided by scattering a plurality of sealed supplementary electrolyte containers made of a material which is soluble in the electrolyte at elevated temperatures, and supplying the supplementary electrolyte from the dissolved containers to the fuel cell while the cell is working.

Fuel cell and supplementary electrolyte container and method for supplementing fuel cell with electrolyte

PURPOSE: To improve heat radiation with a vast heat radiation area as well as to make a reactor facility small in its size comparatively for the largeness of the containment vessel size thereof by making the nuclear reactor containment vessel out of steel, and contain operation floor space. CONSTITUTION: A cooling water pool 21, a dry well 11 and a pressure suppression pool 12 are formed by concrete structure walls 16, and an upper surface of the whole structure formed by the walls 16 becomes an operation floor 30 where things existing in a nuclear reactor pressure vessel such as nuclear fuel elements, are handled by a handling device 80. Also, the structure formed by the walls 16 and combined with its upper surface, are covered by a steel made nuclear reactor containment vessel 10, and, since the whole structure is made of steel, high heat radiation is kept well, and also, since the whole structure is as large sized one as the vessel 10 containing the nuclear containment vessel 10 in it, the heat radiation area thereof is quite vast and therefore the structure is easily cooled down. Moreover, the vessel 10 gets larger by containing the operation floor 30 space in it, that is required essentially in anyway, and, by that reason, a reactor facility can be comparatively sized smaller in comparison to the largeness of the vessel 10 size, and therewith reliability of cooling function in an accident case can be much improved. COPYRIGHT: (C)1992,JPO&Japio

Nuclear reactor facility

A reactor containment vessel comprises typically a reactor pressure vessel housed in a dry well of the reactor containment vessel, a vent passage through which steam in the dry well is introduced into coolant accommodated in a pressure suppression chamber of the reactor containment vessel, a closed space formed at a position lower than the level of the normal liquid surface of the coolant, a first passage having an inlet opened into the pressure suppression chamber at a level higher than that of the normal liquid surface of the coolant and an outlet opened into the closed space, and a second passage communicating between the closed space and the dry well through a counter flow preventing arrangement for checking the flow directed toward the closed space, and therefore, noncondensable gas and liquid accumulated in the pressure suppression chamber are discharged into the dry well the pressure in which is higher than that in the pressure suppression chamber by making use of a difference in water head increased due to increase of the liquid while allowing fluid to be condensed to newly flow into the pressure suppression chamber from the dry well so as to be condensed, over a long cooling period after the occurrence of an accident of piping fracture in the reactor containment vessel. Owing to condensation, the pressure in the reactor containment vessel can be reduced, and moreover, fluid can make a natural circulation in a closed circuit passing through the dry well, the pressure suppression chamber and the closed space in order without flowing outside the circuit.

Reactor containment vessel

The drift-flux model is widely used for gas-liquid two phase flow analysis, because it is applicable to various flow patterns and a wide range of void fractions. The drift- flux parameters for upwa...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/18811248.1987.9735849

Drift-Flux Parameters for Upward Gas Flow in Stagnant Liquid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a moored flight body which is made possible to control to move or hold it at a specific altitude and position. SOLUTION: This moored flight body is provided with the means to measure the altitude, the position, and the direction of the flying body respectively, a winding device 10, a fan 3 for propelling, and a fan 4 for direction converting, are provided as the means to convert the altitude, the position, and the direction, respectively, and a control means to move or hold the flight body at a specific altitude and position is provided at a control terminal 20. As a result, it is made possible to control to move or hold the moored flight body at a specific altitude and position, and the utilizing scope of the moored flight body can be expanded extremely.

Moored flight body and its utilizing system

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