Optimization of Bumper Structure for Pedestrian Lower Leg Impact

CAE tools have been applied for the crash safety design of vehicles, though they haven’t satisfied the optimum design of vehicles. The authors have proposed a Statistical Design Support System (SDSS), and have found that the SDSS is one of available optimization approaches for the nonlinear and dynamic phenomena. This system is a synthetic design method which is based on the response surface methodology and the design of experiments. In this study, a multilevel optimization approach using the SDSS is presented. This approach is well-suited to large-scale multilevel and multidisciplinary optimization problems, and optimum design of vehicle frontal structure and occupant restraint system for crashworthiness is solved. It is shown that successfully and effectively collaborative optimization for frontal structure and occupant restraint system can be conducted by this new approach.

Optimum Design of Vehicle Frontal Structure and Occupant Restraint System for Crashworthiness : A Multilevel Approach Using SDSS

Materials and techniques for cutting weight from vehicles are a part of routine automotive engineering practice. Large reductions in weight while maintaining size and enhancing vehicle utility, safety, performance, ride and handling are often thought of as requiring radical changes, such as the all-aluminum bodies or carbon-fiber composites sometimes featured in concept vehicles. While these materials are used selectively today and are likely to see broader application in the future, it is important to be aware of the substantial, near-term opportunities from ongoing refinements in less costly, established materials and design techniques. These available technologies--utilizing engineering plastics and light metals as well as steel and ironoffer ways to cut weight incrementally while maintaining or improving other attributes, and can do so at low cost or even cost savings. Advanced iron and steel technologies have seen substantial development over the past decade and are regularly incorporated into new designs and redesigns by all automakers. The steel industry and component suppliers are investing heavily in innovation. Examples abound of successful, cost-effective applications of high-strength steels, stainless steel, new formulations of iron, and an associated variety of new design, fabrication, and assembly techniques. Uses include not only vehicle bodies, but also engine, chassis, wheels and many other parts. Applications commonly demonstrate weight reduction plus simultaneous improvements in strength, stiffness, and other structural performance characteristics. Thus, a clear potential exists to affordably make vehicles lighter and safer at the same time. As is the case for powertrain technology, whether or not lightweight steel technologies yield a net fuel economy improvement (in this case, through net weight reduction), depends on the design objectives and product strategy. Since 1987, weight-saving technology has been continually applied to vehicles even as their overall weight has been increasing due to market forces favoring design priorities other than higher fuel economy. A significant contribution to higher fuel economy is likely to be achievable at low cost by redirecting a portion of this ongoing progress in lightweight steel technology toward net weight reduction. As seen in the examples provided here, weight savings obtained by broader application of the best practices already demonstrated has a high likelihood of being very costeffective. This finding belies the impression that weight reduction is relatively costly. In fact, weight reduction opportunities are best viewed as a continuum, offering a cost curve unto themselves that progresses from very low cost (indeed even zero or negative cost) options toward those of higher cost. The recent history of steady advances in materials, design and fabrication technique suggests that such capabilities will continue to expand. Given adequate lead time for re-prioritizing vehicle design, advanced steel technologies can deliver additional cost-effective weight savings for many years to come. Further research is needed to better characterize and quantify this important aspect of fuel economy potential for purposes of policy analysis.

Steel and Iron Technologies for Automotive Lightweighting


 As Vehicle-to-Anything (V2X) is viewed as emerging technology, which could improve the mobility and efficiency of urban traffic operations, and enhance the safety of drivers. Supported by the construction of vehicular network facilities, V2X has been applied to various urban traffic management systems. However, due to the limitation of wireless communication, outstanding issues on privacy and security in V2X applications are still urgent. The purpose of our studies is to provide a comprehensive review of V2X-aided autonomous driving. Firstly the standards and protocols on V2X technologies for mobile communication and high-definition map are provided. The research scenarios of V2X-aided automobiles on urban links and highways are discussed. Furthermore, the several challenges of legislation in different countries, privacy issues, and security are discussed. Finally, the research directions for V2X-aided autonomous driving are further given.

Autonomous driving under V2X environment: state-of-the-art survey and challenges

The "Statistical Design Support System"produces a new practical optimal design method. It can be used even on nonlinear behavior. The optimization can be done with this system using a small number of calculation results. Therefore, the effect is especially significant when it is applied to a problem that needs large-scale calculation. The authors applied it to the optimization of design paraneters of the occupant restraint system, and have tried to reduce the injury criteria of occupants based on the crash simulation. According to the improvement of interest and technology on vehicle safety. many countries has declared new safety assessments that are more severe than used one. In order to meet them all, it will be needed to consider some different crash situations simultaneously when vehicle safety equipment is designed. The authors made optimal design with consideration of different conditions of collision. This paper draws attention to the effectivity analysis and optimization.

/pdf/the-application-of-the-statistical-design-support-system-2tegbsin84.pdf

The Application of the Statistical Design Support System Toward Optimization of Vehicle Safety Equipmen

Multi-Objective Optimization for Crash Safety Design of Vehicles

CAE technology has been widely applied for the crash safety design of vehicles. Nevertheless, an optimum design approach has not been completed for the crash behavior of the vehicles because of the nonlinearity of the dynamic problem. The authors have proposed a Statistical Design Support System (SDSS), and suggested this is one of the available optimal approaches for nonlinear and dynamic problems such as the vehicles. In this study, the SDSS was applied for the multiobjective optimization design of the main reinforced members of a vehicle. The thicknesses of each member were chosen as the design variables, and the total weight and the deformation of the cabin as the multi-objective functions. It was shown that the SDSS could satisfactorily be used as a practical multi-objective optimization design tool for the crash safety design of vehicles, and the design cycle could be significantly reduced using SDSS. Transactions on the Built Environment vol 37 © 1999 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3509

/pdf/optimization-of-reinforced-members-for-crash-safety-design-5fw31lqtrb.pdf

Optimization of reinforced members for crash safety design of vehicles

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Multi-Objective Optimization for Crash Safety Design of Vehicles

The Application of the Statistical Design Support System Toward Optimization of Vehicle Safety Equipmen

Optimization of reinforced members for crash safety design of vehicles