Sexting – that is, the private exchange of self-produced sexual images via cell phone or the internet – has been widely discussed in public and academic discourses as a new high-risk behavior among youths (especially girls) that should be prevented through better education about the various and severe risks it poses. This paper summarizes existing data on sexting prevalence (17 studies), which reveal that sexting is much more common among adults than among youths, with increasing prevalence among adolescents as they grow older. The paper then looks at the current state of sexting research by reviewing all 50 sexting papers in the PsycINFO and PubMed databases published between 2009 and 2013 regarding their coverage of the risks and/or opportunities associated with sexting. Most of the papers (79%) address adolescent sexting as risky behavior and link it to sexual objectification and violence, to risky sexual behavior, and to negative consequences like bullying by peers and criminal prosecution under child pornography laws. In opposition to this deviance discourse, a normalcy discourse is appearing in the literature that interprets sexting as normal intimate communication within romantic and sexual relationships, both among adults and adolescents who are exploring and growing into adult relationships. Next, the paper analyzes the sexting risk prevention messages of 10 online educational campaigns. Such campaigns typically rely on scare scenarios, emphasize the risk of bullying and criminal prosecution, engage in female victim blaming, and recommend complete abstinence from sexting. The paper closes by questioning the abstinence approach in sexting education, and makes suggestions on how to move towards an evidence-based approach to sexting risk prevention that acknowledges both adolescents' vulnerability and sexual agency.

/pdf/consensual-sexting-among-adolescents-risk-prevention-through-h4ziyldbun.pdf

Consensual sexting among adolescents: Risk prevention through abstinence education or safer sexting?

The harmfulness of anti-Semitic beliefs is widely discussed in current political and legal debates (e.g., Cutler v. Dorn). At the same time, empirical studies of the psychological consequences of such beliefs are scarce. The present research is an attempt to explore the structure of contemporary anti-Semitic beliefs in Poland—and to evaluate their predictive role in discriminatory intentions and behavior targeting Jews. Another aim was to determine dispositional, situational, and identity correlates of different forms of anti-Semitic beliefs and behavior. Study 1, performed on a nation-wide representative sample of Polish adults (N = 979), suggests a three-factorial structure of anti-Semitic beliefs, consisting of: (1) belief in Jewish conspiracy, (2) traditional religious anti-Judaic beliefs, and (3) secondary anti-Semitic beliefs, focusing on Holocaust commemoration. Of these three beliefs, belief in Jewish conspiracy was the closest antecedent of anti-Semitic behavioral intentions. Study 2 (N = 600 Internet users in Poland) confirmed the three-factor structure of anti-Semitic beliefs and proved that these beliefs explain actual behavior toward Jews in monetary donations. Both studies show that anti-Semitic beliefs are related to authoritarian personality characteristics, victimhood-based social identity, and relative deprivation.

Harmful Ideas, The Structure and Consequences of Anti-Semitic Beliefs in Poland

The aim of this review article is to explore some theoretical issues regarding the nature and scope of violence. There are two ways of thinking about violence: in terms of an act of force, or in terms of a violation. Those who define violence as an intentional act of excessive or destructive force endorse a narrow conception of violence (the Minimalist Conception of Violence or MCV), while those who see violence in terms of a violation of rights champion a broader conception of violence (the Comprehensive Conception of Violence or CCV). The strengths and weaknesses of both approaches will be assessed.

Two Concepts of Violence

The following summary highlights the key findings of the baseline study Researching the Urban Dilemma: Urbanization, Poverty and Violence. The study’s goal was to review the state of evidence and theory on the connection between urban violence and poverty reduction, and on the impact and effectiveness of different interventions. The study finds that there is considerable engagement with issues of urbanization, urban poverty and urban violence by social scientists. Much is known on the scale and distribution of urban growth, as well as on the character of urban impoverishment and inequality. There is also considerable research being conducted on the real and perceived costs and consequences of urban violence across an array of lowand medium-income settings. However, the study also reveals that much of the research and debate continues to be segmented and compartmentalized within certain disciplines and geographic settings, and that there are major silences in relation to the interaction between urban poverty and urban violence. The summary highlights a sample of interventions designed to prevent and reduce urban violence, but notes that the effectiveness of many interventions designed to mitigate and reduce insecurity and poverty in mediumand lower-income cities has yet to be tested. The summary concludes with a review of key knowledge gaps and questions for future research. i n t e r n at i o n a l d e v e l o p m e n t r e s e a r c h c e n t r e

/pdf/researching-the-urban-dilemma-urbanization-poverty-and-3c8e9hshj6.pdf

Researching the Urban Dilemma: Urbanization, Poverty and Violence

/pdf/after-optimism-ireland-racism-and-globalisation-3tgtfxkda7.pdf

After optimism?: ireland, racism and globalisation.

Explores the interrelationship among personal, collective, national, and global levels of violence.

The Web of Violence: From Interpersonal to Global

The Persisting question : sociological perspectives and social contexts of modern antisemitism

Congregational Sponsors of Indochinese Refugees in the United States, 1979- 1981.

The Policies of Genocide: Jews and Soviet Prisoners of War in Nazi Germany.

The Holocaust and the Crisis of Human Behavior.

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