The imaging of failure in structural materials by synchrotron radiation X-ray microtomography

https://hal-enpc.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02384580/document

Multiscale X-ray tomography of cementitious materials: A review

Owing to recent developments in CMOS technology, it is now possible to exploit tomographic microscopy at third-generation synchrotron facilities with unprecedented speeds. Despite this rapid technical progress, one crucial limitation for the investigation of realistic dynamic systems has remained: a generally short total acquisition time at high frame rates due to the limited internal memory of available detectors. To address and solve this shortcoming, a new detection and readout system, coined GigaFRoST, has been developed based on a commercial CMOS sensor, acquiring and streaming data continuously at 7.7 GB s−1 directly to a dedicated backend server. This architecture allows for dynamic data pre-processing as well as data reduction, an increasingly indispensable step considering the vast amounts of data acquired in typical fast tomographic experiments at synchrotron beamlines (up to several tens of TByte per day of raw data).

/pdf/gigafrost-the-gigabit-fast-readout-system-for-tomography-4igumsulro.pdf

GigaFRoST: the gigabit fast readout system for tomography

The complex flow of liquid metal in evolving metallic foams is still poorly understood due to difficulties in studying hot and opaque systems. We apply X-ray tomoscopy –the continuous acquisition of tomographic (3D) images– to clarify key dynamic phenomena in liquid aluminium foam such as nucleation and growth, bubble rearrangements, liquid retraction, coalescence and the rupture of films. Each phenomenon takes place on a typical timescale which we cover by obtaining 208 full tomograms per second over a period of up to one minute. An additional data processing algorithm provides information on the 1 ms scale. Here we show that bubble coalescence is not only caused by gravity-induced drainage, as experiments under weightlessness show, and by stresses caused by foam growth, but also by local pressure peaks caused by the blowing agent. Moreover, details of foam expansion and phenomena such as rupture cascades and film thinning before rupture are quantified. These findings allow us to propose a way to obtain foams with smaller and more equally sized bubbles. Understanding fast phenomena that happen in hot and opaque environments, such as during metal foaming, remains a challenge. Here, the authors use ultra-fast imaging of more than 200 three-dimensional volumes per second to explore bubble coalescence in an aluminium alloy.

/pdf/using-x-ray-tomoscopy-to-explore-the-dynamics-of-foaming-2s17cdm9i7.pdf

Using X-ray tomoscopy to explore the dynamics of foaming metal.

Improving water management in fuel cells through microporous layer modifications: Fast operando tomographic imaging of liquid water

Sub-second full-field tomographic microscopy at third-generation synchrotron sources is a reality, opening up new possibilities for the study of dynamic systems in different fields. Sustained elevated data rates of multiple GB/s in tomographic experiments will become even more common at diffraction-limited storage rings, coming in operation soon. The computational tools necessary for the post-processing of raw tomographic projections have generally not experienced the same efficiency increase as the experimental facilities, hindering optimal exploitation of this new potential. We present here a fast, flexible, and user-friendly post-processing pipeline overcoming this efficiency mismatch and delivering reconstructed tomographic datasets just few seconds after the data have been acquired, enabling fast parameter and image quality evaluation as well as efficient post-processing of TBs of tomographic data. With this new tool, also able to accept a stream of data directly from a detector, few selected tomographic slices are available in less than half a second, providing advanced previewing capabilities paving the way to new concepts for on-the-fly control of dynamic experiments.

/pdf/towards-on-the-fly-data-post-processing-for-real-time-3lpn7idkwx.pdf

Towards on-the-fly data post-processing for real-time tomographic imaging at TOMCAT.

A two-day workshop on beamline integration and data formatting (HDF5/NeXus) of the EIGER detector was held in Baden, Switzerland, January 24–25, 2013. Its aim was to discuss the technical challenges inherent with the next generation of high-frame-rate, high-resolution X-ray imaging detectors, and specifically with the EIGER detector. EIGER is a photon-counting hybrid pixel detector developed at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) and DECTRIS Ltd. With even higher spatial resolution and frame rates than its predecessor, the PILATUS detector, it will be able to continuously produce up to 3000 images per second. The corresponding extreme data rates generated by this and future detectors present a significant challenge for beamline integration of the detectors, for data handling by the users, and for data processing software. Efficient data flow, storage, and processing must be achieved to handle the huge data sets that will be produced in seconds by these devices.

Meeting Report: Workshop on Beamline Integration and Data Formatting

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GigaFRoST: the gigabit fast readout system for tomography

Towards on-the-fly data post-processing for real-time tomographic imaging at TOMCAT.

Meeting Report: Workshop on Beamline Integration and Data Formatting