While the study of psychology has offered little in the way of explaining the creative process, Koestler examines the idea that we are at our most creative when rational thought is suspended--for example, in dreams and trancelike states. All who read The Act of Creation will find it a compelling and illuminating book.

The Act of Creation

Taking Darwin seriously

The term invisibility has been widely used, in the social sciences, as a metaphor to give voice to vulnerable groups. In this work, a hermeneutic exercise is undertaken based on text that refer to this term. The impact of this metaphor, in social science research, is revealed. As a result, it was possible to reconstruct how the invisibility process develops, as well as, the circumstances under which it is decided to make the invisible visible. In addition, the agents, motivations, and reasons for the concealment are identified. The identified process follows a common pattern in the analyzed texts. It is concluded that the process of invisibility is dialectical, and there is a pattern to enhance invisibility and one to make the invisible visible. The results of this article are expected to be a catalyst to reflect on the potential of the invisibility metaphor to be considered as a category of analysis to understand, explain and address social problems.
Keywords: metaphor; invisibility; visibility; hermeneutics; social sciences.

pdf/la-invisibilizacion-como-metafora-una-categoria-de-analisis-416n084q03.pdf

La invisibilización como metáfora: Una categoría de análisis para identificar el proceso de invisibilización en problemáticas sociales

The Myth of Metaphor.

La nocion de metafora es primordial para la instrumentacion conceptual, rigurosa de las logicas proyectuales poeticas que determinan la produccion de formas esteticamente intencionadas que constituyen nuestro entorno fisico y cultural. Un entorno que tiende a incrementar la dimension poetica del ser cuando su propia dimension poetica se enriquece por accion del diseno. El objeto de este articulo es reflexionar sobre las relaciones entre la dimension poetica y la metafora organica hoy.

/pdf/la-metafora-en-las-logicas-proyectuales-poeticas-la-metafora-2im42t7ugo.pdf

La Metáfora en las lógicas proyectuales poéticas. La metáfora orgánica hoy

espanolHabitualmente se sostiene que Ias metaforas son expresiones en Ias cuales se dice algo pero se evoca o sugiere otra cosa, que son - o deberian ser- patrimonio casi exclusivo del lenguaje literario o del lenguaje vulgar y que no son relevantes en el discurso cientifico. Sin embargo, la ubicuidad de la metafora en la ciencia -no solo en la ensenanza y la divulgacion sino tambien en la produccion y sobre todo en la legitimacion del conocimiento- lleva a sospechar que hay algo erroneo en esos puntos de vista. Este trabajo se propone, entonces, discrepar con Ias tres afirmaciones precedentes y sostener, por el contrario, que Ias metaforas dicen algo por si mismas, y no como meras subsidiarias de otra expresion considerada literal; que si bien hay excelentes ejemplos en la literatura, tambien hay metaforas brillantes y fecundas en la ciencia y, la tesis mas fuerte, que Ias metaforas cumplen en la ciencia un papel constitutivo fundamental. En este sentido, se plantea la posibilidad de desarrollar un programa de investigacion sobre la base de una epistemologia evolucionista cuya unidad de seleccion sean Ias metaforas, epistemicamente consideradas. EnglishUsually it is held that the metaphors are expressions in which something is said but it is evoked or suggested another thing; that they are -or they should be- almost exclusive patrimony of the literary language or the vulgar language; and that they are not relevant in the science. However, the ubiquity of the metaphor in the science -not only in the teaching and the popularization of the knowledge but also in its production and mainly in its legitimation- takes to suspect that there is something erroneous in those points of view. Thus, this paper attempt to disagree with the three precedent claims and to hold, on the contrary, that the metaphors say something for themselves, and not only as mere subsidiaries of another literal considered expression; that although there are excellent examples in the literature, there are also brilliant and fecund metaphors in the science and, the strongest thesis, that the metaphors perform a fundamental constituent role in the science. In this sense, it is thought about the possibility to develop an research programme on the base of an evolutionary epistemology whose units of selection are the metaphors, epistemically considered.

/pdf/el-desarrollo-de-las-ciencias-a-traves-de-las-metaforas-un-4htnpb1ozm.pdf

El desarrollo de las ciencias a través de las metáforas: un programa de investigación en estudios sobre la ciencia

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El desarrollo de las ciencias a través de las metáforas: un programa de investigación en estudios sobre la ciencia