Managing energy-producing companies as well as managing the entire energy sector in the light of legal and environmental requirements requires a new vision, mission, and strategy. The paper analyses the strategies of energy enterprises. It is not enough now to produce energy and deliver it at appropriate, acceptable prices to consumers; it must be generated with the least negative impact on the environment. To achieve that plan, companies should cut the carbon intensity of their products by 20% by 2030, 45% by 2035, and 100% by 2050, using a baseline of 2016. To compared to 1990 levels, the greenhouse gas emission reduction target for 2030 should be increased to 55%. Bioenergy will represent 18% of total final energy consumption in 2050. Additionally, this requires the development of a long-term strategy that can force companies to completely reorganize their production or start a new operation and activities. A low-cost strategy or a competition strategy are insufficient, and it is necessary to look for new strategies that combine adaptation to the requirements of the external environment with the use of innovative solutions. The article analyzes the possibilities of implementing an innovative strategy based on biomass, especially bamboo biomass. The reduction in CO2 emissions of bamboo, taking into account life cycle emissions, can reach up to 85%. The novelty is to show the possibility of producing electricity by a large-scale power plant solely based on bamboo biomass on the example of a power plant located in the Tokushima prefecture, Japan. Another novelty is the fact that this article draws attention to the problem of burning bamboo in a power plant. The problem is that, as a result of burning bamboo, the clinker settles quite quickly. The study analyzes the selected ingredients for co-firing, which improve the combustion parameters of bamboo biomass (e.g., blended 20% bamboo with 80% pine or 30% bamboo with 70% tree bark). The importance of this research lies in the fact that it shows new innovative solutions in the energy sector that will help to achieve emission reductions. In addition, the article proposes to use eco-innovations and pay attention to eco-efficiency. Such solutions are an opportunity for ecological development through the use of bamboo as a fuel, which is classified as a renewable energy source by power plants.

/pdf/management-of-energy-enterprises-in-zero-emission-conditions-2g7ralaj.pdf

Management of Energy Enterprises in Zero-Emission Conditions: Bamboo as an Innovative Biomass for the Production of Green Energy by Power Plants

Currently, the demand for activated carbon (AC) has been growing thanks to its adsorption capacity to remove liquid and gaseous pollutants. Lignin is a biomass derived from an abundant renewable resource, rich in carbon, with potential applications in modern society. This work seeks to add greater value for the lignin, transforming it in AC and also to demonstrate the microwave pyrolysis effectiveness. ACs were obtained from Kraft lignin treated with different proportions of phosphoric acid in two different periods of time, using microwave pyrolysis in oxidizing atmosphere. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that the conversion of lignin to carbon material occurred successfully. The morphology of lignin, observed by scanning electron microscopy, showed a globular appearance and different diameters, which was converted into AC with very porous structures. Adsorption/desorption of N2 (BET) analyses showed that the AC presented high surface areas, between 635 and 1055 m2g-1, with the presence of micro and mesopores. The highest acid:lignin weight ratio favored higher values of AC surface area and pore volume. The maximum adsorption capacity of prepared AC was tested with methylene blue dye (MB) and amoxicillin (AMOX), and values of 140 and 220 mgg−1 were found, respectively. In the case of MB, the adsorption mechanism adjusted better to the Langmuir model and the AMOX to the Freundlich model. 

Sustainable process to produce activated carbon from Kraft lignin impregnated with H3PO4 using microwave pyrolysis

Bamboo, with its inherently porous composition and exceptional renewability, stands as a symbolic embodiment of sustainability. The imperative to fortify the utilization of bamboo-based materials becomes paramount for future developments. These materials not only find direct applications in the construction and furniture sectors but also exhibit versatility in burgeoning domains such as adsorption materials and electrode components, thereby expanding their consequential influence. This comprehensive review meticulously delves into both their explicit applications and the nuanced panorama of derived uses, thereby illuminating the multifaceted nature of bamboo-based materials. Beyond their current roles, these materials hold promise for addressing environmental challenges and serving as eco-friendly alternatives across diverse industries. Lastly, we provide some insights into the future prospects of bamboo-based materials, which are poised to lead the way in further development. In conclusion, bamboo-based materials hold immense potential across diverse domains and are set to play an increasingly pivotal role in sustainable development.

Modification and Application of Bamboo-Based Materials: A Review—Part II: Application of Bamboo-Based Materials

Energy optimization from a binary mixture of non-edible oilseeds pyrolysis: Kinetic triplets analysis using Thermogravimetric Analyser and prediction modeling by Artificial Neural Network.

Pyrolysis self-activation: An environmentally friendly method to transform biowaste into activated carbon for arsenic removal.

Combustion behaviors of molded bamboo charcoal: Influence of pyrolysis temperatures

Ash thermochemical behaviors of bamboo lignin from kraft pulping: Influence of washing process

Thermal characteristics and kinetic parameters of ash from bamboo and masson pine blends with different mixing ratios were investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer at different heating rates. The results showed that bamboo ash had lower fusion temperatures than the ash of masson pine. Mixing ratios and heating rates had a significant impact on the thermal characteristics and activation energy of ash samples. There was a synergistic interaction of chemical compositions in the bamboo and masson pine ashes. The mass loss of ash samples increased with the increase in the bamboo content of the blends. All ash samples had the maximum activation energy at the heating rate of 20 °C/min. The activation energy had a good linear correlation with mixing ratios at high conversion and heating rates. The optimum blend was suggested as 20% bamboo/80% masson pine due to its high activation energy. The results of this study are helpful to design a combustion system of bamboo and masson pine blends.

Thermal Characteristics of Ash from Bamboo and Masson Pine Blends: Influence of Mixing Ratio and Heating Rate.

Nitrogen self-doped activated carbons with narrow pore size distribution from bamboo shoot shells

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Combustion behaviors of molded bamboo charcoal: Influence of pyrolysis temperatures

Ash thermochemical behaviors of bamboo lignin from kraft pulping: Influence of washing process

Thermal Characteristics of Ash from Bamboo and Masson Pine Blends: Influence of Mixing Ratio and Heating Rate.

Nitrogen self-doped activated carbons with narrow pore size distribution from bamboo shoot shells