“Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation using Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks”の学習報告

We gratefully acknowledge the following colleagues for valuable discussions and support of our project: Aaron Adcock, Andrew Allen, Behrouz Behmardi, Serge Belongie, Mark Broyles, Xiao Chu, Samuel Clapp, Irene D’Ambra, Peter Dodds, Jacob Donley, Ruohan Gao, Tal Hassner, EthanHenderson, Jiabo Hu, Guillaume Jeanneret, Sanjana Krishnan, Tsung-Yi Lin, Bobby Otillar, Manohar Paluri, Maja Pantic, Lucas Pinto, Vivek Roy, Jerome Pesenti, Joelle Pineau, Luca Sbordone, Rajan Subramanian, Helen Sun, Mary Williamson, and Bill Wu. We also acknowledge Jacob Chalk for setting up the Ego4D AWS backend and Prasanna Sridhar for developing the Ego4D website. Thank you to the Common Visual Data Foundation (CVDF) for hosting the Ego4D dataset. The universities acknowledge the usage of commercial software for de-identification of video. brighter.ai was used for redacting videos by some of the universities. Personal
data from the University of Bristol was protected by Primloc’s Secure Redact software suite. UNICT is supported by MIUR AIM - Attrazione eMobilitaInternazionale Linea 1 - AIM1893589 - CUP E64118002540007. Bristol is supported by UKRIEngineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) Doctoral Training Program (DTP), EPSRC Fellowship UMPIRE (EP/T004991/1). KAUST is supported by the KAUST Office of Sponsored Research through the Visual Computing Center (VCC) funding. National University of Singapore is supported by Mike Shou’s Start-Up Grant. Georgia Tech is supported in part by NSF award 2033413 and NIH award
R01MH114999.

Ego4D: Around the World in 3,000 Hours of Egocentric Video

With the increasing ability of large language models (LLMs), in-context learning (ICL) has become a new paradigm for natural language processing (NLP), where LLMs make predictions only based on contexts augmented with a few examples. It has been a new trend to explore ICL to evaluate and extrapolate the ability of LLMs. In this paper, we aim to survey and summarize the progress and challenges of ICL. We first present a formal definition of ICL and clarify its correlation to related studies. Then, we organize and discuss advanced techniques, including training strategies, demonstration designing strategies, as well as related analysis. Finally, we discuss the challenges of ICL and provide potential directions for further research. We hope that our work can encourage more research on uncovering how ICL works and improving ICL.

https://export.arxiv.org/pdf/2301.00234v5.pdf

A Survey for In-context Learning

Pedestrian detection is used in many vision based applications ranging from video surveillance to autonomous driving. Despite achieving high performance, it is still largely unknown how well existing detectors generalize to unseen data. This is important because a practical detector should be ready to use in various scenarios in applications. To this end, we conduct a comprehensive study in this paper, using a general principle of direct cross-dataset evaluation. Through this study, we find that existing state-of-the-art pedestrian detectors, though perform quite well when trained and tested on the same dataset, generalize poorly in cross dataset evaluation. We demonstrate that there are two reasons for this trend. Firstly, their designs (e.g. anchor settings) may be biased towards popular benchmarks in the traditional single-dataset training and test pipeline, but as a result largely limit their generalization capability. Secondly, the training source is generally not dense in pedestrians and diverse in scenarios. Under direct cross-dataset evaluation, surprisingly, we find that a general purpose object detector, without pedestrian-tailored adaptation in design, generalizes much better compared to existing state-of-the-art pedestrian detectors. Furthermore, we illustrate that diverse and dense datasets, collected by crawling the web, serve to be an efficient source of pre-training for pedestrian detection. Accordingly, we propose a progressive training pipeline and find that it works well for autonomous-driving oriented pedestrian detection. Consequently, the study conducted in this paper suggests that more emphasis should be put on cross-dataset evaluation for the future design of generalizable pedestrian detectors. Code and models can be accessed at https://github.com/hasanirtiza/Pedestron.

/pdf/generalizable-pedestrian-detection-the-elephant-in-the-room-48xy8n39up.pdf

Generalizable Pedestrian Detection: The Elephant In The Room

Pedestrian detection is an important but challenging problem in computer vision, especially in human-centric tasks. Over the past decade, significant improvement has been witnessed with the help of handcrafted features and deep features. Here we present a comprehensive survey on recent advances in pedestrian detection. First, we provide a detailed review of single-spectral pedestrian detection that includes handcrafted features based methods and deep features based approaches. For handcrafted features based methods, we present an extensive review of approaches and find that handcrafted features with large freedom degrees in shape and space have better performance. In the case of deep features based approaches, we split them into pure CNN based methods and those employing both handcrafted and CNN based features. We give the statistical analysis and tendency of these methods, where feature enhanced, part-aware, and post-processing methods have attracted main attention. In addition to single-spectral pedestrian detection, we also review multi-spectral pedestrian detection, which provides more robust features for illumination variance. Furthermore, we introduce some related datasets and evaluation metrics, and a deep experimental analysis. We conclude this survey by emphasizing open problems that need to be addressed and highlighting various future directions. Researchers can track an up-to-date list at https://github.com/JialeCao001/PedSurvey. 

/pdf/from-handcrafted-to-deep-features-for-pedestrian-detection-a-2acfjasq.pdf

From Handcrafted to Deep Features for Pedestrian Detection: A Survey

Temporal grounding aims to localize temporal boundaries within untrimmed videos by language queries, but it faces the challenge of two types of inevitable human uncertainties: query uncertainty and label uncertainty. The two uncertainties stem from human subjectivity, leading to limited generalization ability of temporal grounding. In this work, we propose a novel DeNet (Decoupling and Debias) to embrace human uncertainty: Decoupling — We explicitly disentangle each query into a relation feature and a modified feature. The relation feature, which is mainly based on skeleton-like words (including nouns and verbs), aims to extract basic and consistent information in the presence of query uncertainty. Meanwhile, modified feature assigned with style-like words (including adjectives, adverbs, etc) represents the subjective information, and thus brings personalized predictions; De-bias — We propose a de-bias mechanism to generate diverse predictions, aim to alleviate the bias caused by single-style annotations in the presence of label uncertainty. Moreover, we put forward new multi-label metrics to diversify the performance evaluation. Extensive experiments show that our approach is more effective and robust than state-of-the-arts on Charades-STA and ActivityNet Captions datasets.

/pdf/embracing-uncertainty-decoupling-and-de-bias-for-robust-56lmboehpv.pdf

Embracing Uncertainty: Decoupling and De-bias for Robust Temporal Grounding

Pedestrian detection benefits greatly from deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, it is inherently hard for CNNs to handle situations in the presence of occlusion and scale variation. In this paper, we propose W^3Net, which attempts to address above challenges by decomposing the pedestrian detection task into Where, What and Whether problem directing against pedestrian localization, scale prediction and classification correspondingly. Specifically, for a pedestrian instance, we formulate its feature by three steps. i) We generate a bird view map, which is naturally free from occlusion issues, and scan all points on it to look for suitable locations for each pedestrian instance. ii) Instead of utilizing pre-fixed anchors, we model the interdependency between depth and scale aiming at generating depth-guided scales at different locations for better matching instances of different sizes. iii) We learn a latent vector shared by both visual and corpus space, by which false positives with similar vertical structure but lacking human partial features would be filtered out. We achieve state-of-the-art results on widely used datasets (Citypersons and Caltech). In particular. when evaluating on heavy occlusion subset, our results reduce MR^ -2 from 49.3% to 18.7% on Citypersons, and from 45.18% to 28.33% on Caltech.

/pdf/where-what-whether-multi-modal-learning-meets-pedestrian-3tczh7z6vd.pdf

Where, What, Whether: Multi-Modal Learning Meets Pedestrian Detection

Due to a wide range of various application scenes, robust crowd counting is still quite difficult and the performance is far from being satisfied. In this paper, we propose a novel robust crowd counting method by introducing a weakly supervised crowd-wise attention network. The proposed work improves the counting accuracy and robustness by: i) Weakly-supervised crowd segmentation. With a generated segmentation label using motion-guided region-growth, both the appearance feature of one-labeled image and motion features abstracted from its adjacent unlabeled frames, are combined to implement weakly supervised crowd region segmentation, with which active crowd region can be finely perceived from different background disturbances. ii) More accurate spatial attention. We generate a spatial attention map based on the active crowd segmentation, which is used to reweigh the appearance feature to achieve attention-based density estimation. Evaluation of the widely used World Expo’ 10 dataset shows that the proposed work can achieve state-of-the-art performance on both accuracy and robustness.

Weakly Supervised Crowd-Wise Attention For Robust Crowd Counting

Visual relationship detection, as a challenging task used to find and distinguish the interactions between object pairs in one image, has received much attention recently. In this work, we propose a novel visual relationship detection framework by deeply mining and utilizing relative location of object-pair in every stage of the procedure. In both the stages, relative location information of each object-pair is abstracted and encoded as auxiliary feature to improve the distinguishing capability of object-pairs proposing and predicate recognition, respectively; Moreover, one Gated Graph Neural Network(GGNN) is introduced to mine and measure the relevance of predicates using relative location. With the location-based GGNN, those non-exclusive predicates with similar spatial position can be clustered firstly and then be smoothed with close classification scores, thus the accuracy of top $n$ recall can be increased further. Experiments on two widely used datasets VRD and VG show that, with the deeply mining and exploiting of relative location information, our proposed model significantly outperforms the current state-of-the-art.

Visual Relationship Detection with Relative Location Mining

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Papers

Embracing Uncertainty: Decoupling and De-bias for Robust Temporal Grounding

Embracing Uncertainty: Decoupling and De-bias for Robust Temporal Grounding

Where, What, Whether: Multi-Modal Learning Meets Pedestrian Detection

Weakly Supervised Crowd-Wise Attention For Robust Crowd Counting

Visual Relationship Detection with Relative Location Mining