This paper presents two new techniques employing bandwidth-efficient modulation to enable two partners to cooperatively convey their data to a common destination. Both approaches integrate relaying and channel coding, exploiting the fact that each partner knows the data relayed by the other partner to enhance the partner-to-partner link. The first approach is based on bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM); a key innovation is the use of set-partition (SP) labelling that enables the receiving partner to demodulate and decode based on a sparse subset of the original constellation. The second approach is based on trellis coded modulation (TCM); the local and relayed data are multiplexed together prior to encoding, and the receiving partner prunes the trellis edges inconsistent with the known relayed data. In both approaches, the receiver at the common destination benefits in two ways — indirectly from the increased diversity made possible by the enhanced partner-to-partner link, and directly by exploiting the SP-labeling/trellis-pruning in its decoding protocol. Simulations indicate that the new techniques offer significant performance gain over conventional cooperation based on time-sharing — a gain of 2.50 dB for the 16-QAM BICM system and a gain of 3.0 dB for the 8-PSK TCM system, both at a frame error rate of 10−2.

Two new approaches to bandwidth-efficient partnering for cooperative diversity

To improve the bandwidth efficiency of the classical orthogonal cooperative transmission scheme while maintaining the cooperative gain, a novel non-orthogonal amplify-and-forward cooperative scheme based on distributed space-time code is proposed. In this scheme, the orthogonal characteristic of Alamouti space-time code is utilized to make cooperative users relay on the shared channel resources so that better bandwidth efficiency can be achieved. Maximum likelihood(ML) and linear detection algorithms are then devised for the destination node. Theoretical and simulation results show that with a specified spectral efficiency, the proposed scheme outperforms the classical scheme in terms of capacity, outage probability and bit error rate(BER) performance.

Non-orthogonal amplify-and-forward cooperative diversity based on distributed space-time code

This paper considers cooperative diversity in the context of bandwidth-efficient modulation. Specifically, it analyzes a scenario in which high-order modulation — 16-QAM is used for illustration — is used in a way that enables two partners to cooperatively convey their data to a common destination. This approach uses set partitioning so that “relayed” data selects a sparse subset while “local” data selects the transmitted symbol from that subset. An outage probability analysis is presented that illustrates the advantage of this technique over the conventional time-sharing approach to cooperative diversity; for 16-QAM, coding gains range from 1.5 dB (for a spectral efficiency of η = 0.5 bits/symbol) to 3.2 dB (for η = 1.5). Then, a variation on this approach — in which codewords are spread out over multiple frames (and multiple channel realizations) — is examined and shown to provide a substantial gain at the cost of delay.

Cooperative diversity via set-partitioning in BICM: Outage analysis and frame interleaving

An adaptive decode-and-forward (DF) cooperative diversity system based on quadrature modulation is proposed, in which each user is allowed to transmit its own and the partner’s data simultaneously via the in-phase and quadrature components of M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) constellation. Cooperative transmission in this way can avoid the bandwidth expansion in traditional cooperative systems. The closed form expression of the average bit error rate (BER) performance is derived in terms of the interuser and uplink channel statistics and a scalable power allocation factor, and further verified by simulations. Then the effect of equal power allocation (EPA) and optimal power allocation (OPA) algorithms on the system performance and the best partner location for a given user are investigated. Simulations show that the OPA algorithm offers considerable gains over EPA algorithm under practical non-ideal cooperative scenarios, and by joint consideration of partner selection and OPA, a simple yet near-optimal partner selection heuristic is achieved.

Performance analysis and partner selection for cooperative diversity based on MQAM modulation

Design and Performance Analysis of Precoded Cooperative Communication System with Limited Feedback: Design and Performance Analysis of Precoded Cooperative Communication System with Limited Feedback

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Performance analysis and partner selection for cooperative diversity based on MQAM modulation

Design and Performance Analysis of Precoded Cooperative Communication System with Limited Feedback: Design and Performance Analysis of Precoded Cooperative Communication System with Limited Feedback