Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have recently been revived to increase the energy density and eliminate safety concerns associated with conventional Li-ion batteries with flammable liquid electrolytes. To achieve large-scale, low-cost production of SSBs as soon as possible, it would be advantageous to modify the mature manufacturing platform, involving slurry casting and roll-to-roll technologies, used for conventional Li-ion batteries for application to SSBs. However, the manufacturing of SSBs depends on the development of suitable solid electrolytes. Inorganic–polymer composite electrolytes combine the advantages of inorganic and polymer solid electrolytes, making them particularly suitable for the mass production of SSBs. In this Review, we discuss the properties of solid electrolytes comprising inorganic–polymer composites and outline the design of composite electrolytes for realizing high-performance devices. We also assess the challenges of integrating the composite electrolytes into batteries, which will enable the mass production of SSBs. Inorganic–polymer composites have emerged as viable solid electrolytes for the mass production of solid-state batteries. In this Review, we examine the properties and design of inorganic–polymer composite electrolytes, discuss the processing technologies for multilayer and multiphase composite structures, and outline the challenges of integrating composite electrolytes into solid-state batteries.

Tailoring inorganic–polymer composites for the mass production of solid-state batteries

Heteroatom Doping: An Effective Way to Boost Sodium Ion Storage

Voltage fade is a major problem in battery applications for high-energy lithium- and manganese-rich (LMR) layered materials. As a result of the complexity of the LMR structure, the voltage fade mechanism is not well understood. Here we conduct both in situ and ex situ studies on a typical LMR material (Li1.2Ni0.15Co0.1Mn0.55O2) during charge–discharge cycling, using multi-length-scale X-ray spectroscopic and three-dimensional electron microscopic imaging techniques. Through probing from the surface to the bulk, and from individual to whole ensembles of particles, we show that the average valence state of each type of transition metal cation is continuously reduced, which is attributed to oxygen release from the LMR material. Such reductions activate the lower-voltage Mn3+/Mn4+ and Co2+/Co3+ redox couples in addition to the original redox couples including Ni2+/Ni3+, Ni3+/Ni4+ and O2−/O−, directly leading to the voltage fade. We also show that the oxygen release causes microstructural defects such as the formation of large pores within particles, which also contributes to the voltage fade. Surface coating and modification methods are suggested to be effective in suppressing the voltage fade through reducing the oxygen release.Voltage decay is a major problem in applications of high-energy Li- and Mn-rich layer-structured battery materials. Here, the authors report the evolution of redox couples as the origin of the voltage decay and discuss strategies to suppress the problem.

(Invited) Evolution of Redox Couples in Li- and Mn-Rich Cathode Materials and Mitigation of Voltage Fade by Reducing Oxygen Release

Frequent oil spills and the ever-growing discharge of industrial oily wastewater seriously threaten ecosystems and human safety and result in huge economic loss, which has stimulated researchers to explore advanced oil/water separation materials. Electrospun nanofibrous membranes, featuring tunable wettability, good flexibility, high porosity, and outstanding pore connectivity, have received increasing attention. In this review, we aim to present the design and fabrication of electrospun flexible nanofibrous membranes with special wettability for oil/water separation. This review focuses on the discussion of various electrospun flexible membranes, assorted into three categories, including polymer-based membranes, ceramic-based membranes, and carbon-based membranes. In each type, the representative studies, fabrication techniques, and the synergistic effect among the membrane structure, selective wettability, and oil/water separation performance are discussed in detail. Finally, future perspectives and challenges in this promising field are highlighted.

Electrospun flexible nanofibrous membranes for oil/water separation

Abstract Lithium batteries are key components of portable devices and electric vehicles due to their high energy density and long cycle life. To meet the increasing requirements of electric devices, however, energy density of Li batteries needs to be further improved. Anode materials, as a key component of the Li batteries, have a remarkable effect on the increase of the overall energy density. At present, various anode materials including Li anodes, high‐capacity alloy‐type anode materials, phosphorus‐based anodes, and silicon anodes have shown great potential for Li batteries. Composite‐structure anode materials will be further developed to cater to the growing demands for electrochemical storage devices with high‐energy‐density and high‐power‐density. In this review, the latest progress in the development of high‐energy Li batteries focusing on high‐energy‐capacity anode materials has been summarized in detail. In addition, the challenges for the rational design of current Li battery anodes and the future trends are also presented.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/advs.202105213

Toward Practical High‐Energy and High‐Power Lithium Battery Anodes: Present and Future

Potassium-ion hybrid capacitors (PIHCs) have been considered as promising potentials in mid- to large-scale storage system applications owing to their high energy and power density. However, the process involving the intercalation of K+ into the carbonaceous anode is a sluggish reaction, while the adsorption of anions onto the cathode surface is relatively faster, resulting in an inability to exploit the advantage of high energy. To achieve a high-performance PIHC, it is critical to promote the K+ insertion/desertion in anodic materials and design suitable cathodic materials matching the anodes. In this study, we propose a facile “homologous strategy” to construct suitable anode and cathode for high-performance PIHCs, that is, unique multichannel carbon fiber (MCCF)-based anode and cathode materials are firstly prepared by electrospinning, and then followed by sulfur doping and KOH activation treatment, respectively. Owing to a multichannel structure with a large interlayer spacing for introducing S in the sulfur-doped multichannel carbon fiber (S-MCCF) composite, it presents high capacity, super rate capability, and long cycle stability as an anode in potassium-ion cells. The cathode composite of activated multichannel carbon fiber (aMCCF) has a considerably high specific surface area of 1445 m2 g−1 and exhibits outstanding capacitive performance. In particular, benefiting from advantages of the fabricated S-MCCF anode and aMCCF cathode by homologous strategy, PIHCs assembled with the unique MCCF-based anode and cathode show outstanding electrochemical performance, which can deliver high energy and power densities (100 Wh kg−1 at 200 W kg−1, and 58.3 Wh kg−1 at 10,000 W kg−1) and simultaneously exhibit superior cycling stability (90% capacity retention over 7000 cycles at 1.0 A g−1). The excellent electrochemical performance of the MCCF-based composites for PIHC electrodes combined with their simple construction renders such materials attractive for further in-depth investigations of alkali-ion battery and capacitor applications.
Highlights:
1 A novel and facile homologous strategy is proposed to construct unique multichannel carbon fiber (MCCF)-based electrode materials for potassium-ion hybrid capacitors.2 The S-MCCF anodes present high capacity, super rate capability, and long cycle stability in potassium-ion half-cells, and the aMCCF cathodes have a high specific surface area of 1445 m2 g−1 and exhibit outstanding capacitive performance.3 The fabricated PIHC (manode:mcathode = 1:2) devices show high energy and power densities together with excellent cycling stability.

/pdf/homologous-strategy-to-construct-high-performance-coupling-3ovb1jafbz.pdf

Homologous Strategy to Construct High-Performance Coupling Electrodes for Advanced Potassium-Ion Hybrid Capacitors

In situ forming LiF nanodecorated electrolyte/electrode interfaces for stable all-solid-state batteries

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are promising candidates for inexpensive and sustainable energy storage devices for the widespread utilization of intermittent renewable energy because of the natural ab...

Enhanced Ionic Transport and Structural Stability of Nb-Doped O3-NaFe0.55Mn0.45-xNbxO2 Cathode Material for Long-Lasting Sodium-Ion Batteries

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.22

“All-In-One” integrated ultrathin SnS2@3D multichannel carbon matrix power high-areal–capacity lithium battery anode

High Performance Li Metal Anode Enabled by Robust Covalent Triazine Framework‐Based Protective Layer

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