An axle driving apparatus wherein a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic pump for a hydro-static-transmission are housed in a transmission casing of the axle driving apparatus and a center section for connecting the hydraulic motor and hydraulic pump is disposed in the transmission casing, the center section being fixed at the butt joint portion at the transmission casing, and an oil passage from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic motor at the center section is bent at a right angle so as to extend the motor shaft in parallel to the axles, so that the rotation direction of the motor shaft conventionally changed by bevel gears is changed by the oil passages in the center section.

Axle driving apparatus

To provide a clutch valve spool having configuration the manufacture of which is simple. A hydrostatic continuously variable transmission is configured by connecting a swash plate type plunger hydraulic pump P and a swash plate type plunger hydraulic motor M via a hydraulic closed circuit and continuous shift control is executed by variably controlling an inclined angle of the swash plate of the hydraulic motor. A valve spool movably arranged in a spool hole axially extended in a shaft that supports the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor is configured by coupling a first spool member provided with a guide land fitted in a guide member and a second spool member provided with a central land and a left land and provided with a valve that connects and cuts off a clutch oil passage on the high pressure side and a clutch oil passage on the low pressure side according to axial movement by a coupling pin.

Hydrostatic continuously variable transmission

A hydraulically operated continuously variable transmission includes a hydraulic pump coupled to an input shaft, a hydraulic motor coupled to an output shaft, a closed hydraulic circuit interconnecting the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor, a hydraulic actuator for actuating a controlled member in the closed hydraulic circuit, an auxiliary pump connectable to the closed hydraulic circuit and the hydraulic actuator, a supply oil passage for supplying oil discharged from the auxiliary pump to the hydraulic actuator, and a control valve coupled between the supply oil passage, the closed hydraulic circuit, and an oil tank. The control valve comprises a hydraulic chamber communicating with the supply oil passage, a spring, and a spool disposed between the hydraulic chamber and the spring. The spool is movable, until the pressure of oil in the hydraulic chamber and the force of the spring are balanced, successively from a first position in which the supply oil passage and the closed hydraulic circuit are disconnected and the supply oil passage and the oil tank are disconnected, to a second position in which the supply oil passage and the closed hydraulic circuit are connected, to a third position in which the supply oil passage and the oil tank are connected, in response to an increase in the pressure of oil in the hydraulic chamber.

Hydraulically operated continuously variable transmission

A continuously variable transmission includes a pump driven by an input shaft against a wedge-shaped swashplate. Hydraulic fluid pressurized in the pump flows through ports in a pump cylinder block into kidney-shaped slots in the swashplate, and from there flows into and pressurizes a series of cylinders in a motor cylinder block. The pump and motor exert first and second components of torque on the swashplate in the rotational direction on the input shaft, and the hydraulic system pressure in the swashplate slots exerts a third component of torque in the same direction on the swashplate. The third torque component is a product of the hydraulic system pressure and the differential area of the two ends of the high pressure slot at the narrow and thick sides of the wedge-shaped swashplate. The swashplate drives an output shaft through a pin connection intersecting the centerline of the output shaft where it passes through a central opening in the swashplate. The input/output ratio of the transmission is controlled by controlling the tilt angle of the swashplate with a control sleeve, bearing at one end against the swashplate through a port plate, and coupled at the other end to an axially movable control cylinder. The axial position of the control cylinder is hydraulically controlled by a follower valve system which moves the control cylinder to positions uniquely corresponding to positions of a manually or automatically positioned control rod.

Hydraulic machine with wedge-shaped swashplate

A valve mechanism for use in a hydrostatic transmission including a closed porting system for hydraulic fluid and a sump is provided. The valve mechanism includes a valve body mounted to the hydrostatic transmission whereby the valve body is open to the closed porting system at one end thereof and open to the sump at the other end thereof. The valve body has a first open position whereby hydraulic fluid is pulled into the closed system from the sump when the pressure of the fluid in the closed system is below a first pressure, a second open position whereby hydraulic fluid exists the closed system to the sump when the pressure of the fluid is at a second pressure higher than the first pressure, and a closed position when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the closed system is at a third pressure higher than the second pressure.

Combination valve including improved neutral valve for use in hydrostatic transmission

Hydraulic machine of axial piston type

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Hydraulic machine of axial piston type