An analyte monitor includes a sensor, a sensor control unit, and a display unit. The sensor has, for example, a substrate, a recessed channel formed in the substrate, and conductive material disposed in the recessed channel to form a working electrode. The sensor control unit typically has a housing adapted for placement on skin and is adapted to receive a portion of an electrochemical sensor. The sensor control unit also includes two or more conductive contacts disposed on the housing and configured for coupling to two or more contact pads on the sensor. A transmitter is disposed in the housing and coupled to the plurality of conductive contacts for transmitting data obtained using the sensor. The display unit has a receiver for receiving data transmitted by the transmitter of the sensor control unit and a display coupled to the receiver for displaying an indication of a level of an analyte. The analyte monitor may also be part of a drug delivery system to alter the level of the analyte based on the data obtained using the sensor.

Analyte Monitoring Device And Methods Of Use

An object is to provide a semiconductor device of which a manufacturing process is not complicated and by which cost can be suppressed, by forming a thin film transistor using an oxide semiconductor film typified by zinc oxide, and a manufacturing method thereof. For the semiconductor device, a gate electrode is formed over a substrate; a gate insulating film is formed covering the gate electrode; an oxide semiconductor film is formed over the gate insulating film; and a first conductive film and a second conductive film are formed over the oxide semiconductor film. The oxide semiconductor film has at least a crystallized region in a channel region.

Semiconductor device, and manufacturing method thereof

A small diameter flexible electrode designed for subcutaneous in vivo amperometric monitoring of glucose is described. The electrode is designed to allow “one-point” in vivo calibration, i.e., to have zero output current at zero glucose concentration, even in the presence of other electroreactive species of serum or blood. The electrode is preferably three or four-layered, with the layers serially deposited within a recess upon the tip of a polyamide insulated gold wire. A first glucose concentration-to-current transducing layer is overcoated with an electrically insulating and glucose flux limiting layer (second layer) on which, optionally, an immobilized interference-eliminating horseradish peroxidase based film is deposited (third layer). An outer (fourth) layer is biocompatible.

Subcutaneous glucose electrode

An electrochemical analyte sensor formed using conductive traces on a substrate can be used for determining and/or monitoring a level of analyte in in vitro or in vivo analyte-containing fluids. For example, an implantable sensor may be used for the continuous or automatic monitoring of a level of an analyte, such as glucose, lactate, or oxygen, in a patient. The electrochemical analyte sensor includes a substrate and conductive material disposed on the substrate, the conductive material forming a working electrode. In some sensors, the conductive material is disposed in recessed channels formed in a surface of the sensor. An electron transfer agent and/or catalyst may be provided to facilitate the electrolysis of the analyte or of a second compound whose level depends on the level of the analyte. A potential is formed between the working electrode and a reference electrode or counter/reference electrode and the resulting current is a function of the concentration of the analyte in the body fluid.

Electrochemical analyte sensor

The present invention provides control methods, control systems, and control software for microfluidic devices that operate by moving discrete micro-droplets through a sequence of determined configurations. Such microfluidic devices are preferably constructed in a hierarchical and modular fashion which is reflected in the preferred structure of the provided methods and systems. In particular, the methods are structured into low-level device component control functions, middle-level actuator control functions, and high-level micro-droplet control functions. Advantageously, a microfluidic device may thereby be instructed to perform an intended reaction or analysis by invoking micro-droplet control function that perform intuitive tasks like measuring, mixing, heating, and so forth. The systems are preferably programmable and capable of accommodating microfluidic devices controlled by low voltages and constructed in standardized configurations. Advantageously, a single control system can thereby control numerous different reactions in numerous different microfluidic devices simply by loading different easily understood micro-droplet programs.

Methods and systems for control of microfluidic devices

A planar polarographic sensor for determining the lambda value of gas mixtures, for use with exhaust gases in internal combustion engines, includes a planar ceramic carrier sheet having an outer pumping electrode and an inner pumping electrode respectively arranged on opposite planar sides thereof, and a diffusion barrier. The outer and inner pumping electrodes, and the diffusion barrier are arranged on the planar ceramic carrier sheet so that the measuring gas is fed via the diffusion barrier to the inner pumping electrode. The sensor has front and side edge faces. The diffusion barrier is configured as a diffusion layer at least partially covering the inner pumping electrode and exposed at least at one edge face of the sensor to the measuring gas. A diffusion-free planar region of the sensor is provided with an equalizing layer having the same thickness as the diffusion layer, and the equalizing layer is disposed in the same plane with and adjacent to the diffusion layer.

Planar polarographic sensor for determining the lambda value of gas mixtures

Zur Verbesserung der elektrischen Eigenschaften des Gassensors konnen folgende Massnahmen eingesetzt werden: Leiterbahnen fur Elektroden sind in Draufsicht auf die Schichtebenen des Korpers des Sensors ausserhalb von Kavitaten im Korper, insbesondere ausserhalb des Referenzluftkanals, angeordnet. Die Elektroden sind in Richtung des abgasseitigen Endes des Sensors hin vergrossert. Die Leiterbahnen weisen eine erhohte Schichtdicke auf oder sind als Doppelschicht ausgebildet.

Gassensor, insbesondere lambda-sonde

A planar polarographic probe for determining the lambda value of gas mixtures, in particular exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, is disclosed, as well as a process for producing the same. The planar polarographic probe has a pumping cell A with outer and inner pumping electrodes (11 and 16) arranged on a solid electrolyte (14). The gas to be measured can be supplied to the inner pumping electrode (16) through a diffusion barrier. The probe further has one front and two lateral frontal surfaces. The diffusion barrier is designed as a diffusion layer (19) which at least partially covers the inner pumping electrode (16) and which is exposed to the gas to be measured at at least one frontal surface of the probe. To produce the planar polarographic probe one uses a multiple printed panel, on which the diffusion layer (19) is applied in such a way that the diffusion layer (19) overlaps at least the front edge of the multiple printed panel and when the individual printed panels are singled out, the diffusion layer is exposed.

Planare polarographische sonde zur bestimmung des (lambda)-wertes von gasgemischen

The invention relates to an electrochemical gas sensor for determining the concentration of gas components in a gas mixture, especially for determining NOx and HC The gas sensor comprises a first chamber for the gas to be measured (13) which is connected to said gas; and a second chamber for the gas to be measured (15) which is connected to the first chamber for the gas to be measured (13) by a connecting channel (17) A first electrode (27) and a second electrode (31) which are each situated in the first chamber for the gas to be measured (13), at least one third electrode (35) which is situated in the second chamber for the gas to be measured (15) and at least one fourth electrode (33) are also provided The two chambers for the gas to be measured (13, 15) are arranged in superposed, layered levels and are separated from each other by at least one layer which conducts oxygen ions The connecting channel (17) runs through the oxygen ion-conducting layer

Electrochemical gas sensor

The reference air channel of a gas sensor or a lambda probe having a laminate body produced by printing technology is provided. The laminate body is produced by printing a suitably structured layer onto a neighboring layer, for example, by screen printing.

Gas sensor, in particular a lambda sensor

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