1. Introduction 2. Syntax 3. The meaning of focus particles: an overview 4. Additive particles 5. Exclusive particles 6. Identical values in conflicting roles 7. Focus particles and phase quantification 8. Historical aspects 9. Overview and further prospects References

The Meaning of Focus Particles: A Comparative Perspective

German Intonation in Autosegmental-Metrical Phonology*

/pdf/modalpartikeln-und-ihre-kombinationen-5aovti8lnq.pdf

Modalpartikeln und ihre Kombinationen

This article is concerned with an interesting upstep phenomenon in the intonation of some speakers of Southern dialects of German. It experimentally establishes the main properties of this upstep phenomenon, and discusses the theoretical consequences. The upstep occurs on the nuclear pitch accent of a non-final intonation phrase. It targets the phonetic height of the utterance-initial peak, regardless of downstepped peaks that intervene between the initial peak and the upstepped peak. The findings are argued to provide unexpected support for a model of intonation in which downstep among accents can be embedded inside downstep among larger prosodic domains (Ladd 1988, van den Berg et al. 1992). In a combination of that model with an extension of Pierrehumbert & Beckman (1988), it is suggested that the choice between downstep and upstep is conditioned by association to higher prosodic constituents in a systematic way.

Upstep and embedded register levels

1 Introduction PART I: MORPHOLOGICALLY DRIVEN CHANGES 2 The History of the Future 3 Case and Middle English Genitive Noun Phrases 4 Split Constituents Within NP in the History of English: Commentary on Allen 5 Inflectional Morphology and the Loss of Verb-Second in English 6 The Rise of the to Dative in Middle English 7 Double Objects and Morphological Triggers for Syntactic Case 8 Cue-Based Change: Inflection and Subjects in the History of Portuguese Infinitives 9 Loss of Verbal Morphology and the Status of Referential Null Subjects in Brazilian Portuguese 10 Loss of Overt Wh-Movement in Old Japanese 11 Changes in Subject Case Marking in Icelandic PART II: INDIRECT LINKS BETWEEN MORPHOLOGY AND SYNTAX 12 A Reinterpretation of the loss of verb-second in Welsh 13 The Loss of IP-Scrambling in Portuguese: Clause Structure, Word Order Variation and Change PART III: INDEPENDENT CHANGES IN MOVEMENT OPERATIONS 14 Residual V-to-I 15 Syntax and Morphology are Different: Commentary on Jonas 16 Verb-Object Order in Old English: Variation as Grammatical Competition 17 VO or OV? That's the Underlying Question: Commentary on Pintzuk 18 Movement, Morphology, and Learnability 19 Object Shift and Holmberg's Generalization in the History of Norwegian PART IV: COMPUTER SIMULATIONS 20 The Computational Study of Diachronic Linguistics 21 Grammar Competition and Language Change

Syntactic effects of morphological change

/pdf/formen-der-herausstellung-im-deutschen-rechtsversetzung-28e38shsxe.pdf

Formen der "Herausstellung" im Deutschen : Rechtsversetzung, Linksversetzung, freies Thema und verwandte Konstruktionen

/pdf/die-gradpartikeln-im-deutschen-untersuchungen-zu-ihrer-19oae178lw.pdf

Die Gradpartikeln im Deutschen: Untersuchungen zu ihrer Syntax, Semantik und Pragmatik

1 2 In d i e s em Z u s a m m e n h a n g s e h e n w i r v o n der F r a g e ab , i n w i e f e r n a k u s t i s c h k o n t i n u i e r l i c h veränderbare P a r a m e t e r e i n h e r g e h e n mi t k o n t i n u i e r l i c h v e r änderbaren a r t i k u l a t o r i s c h e n M e r k m a l e n ; so s i n d z .B . V o k a l k o n t i n u a um e i n i g e s l e i c h t e r z u p r o d u z i e r e n a l s K o n s o n a n t e n k o n t i n u a . Grundsätzlich b e schränken w i r u n s i n de r D i s k u s s i o n a u f d i e a k u s t i s c h e n M e r k m a l e u n d ih re p e r z e p t i v e n K o r r e l a t e ; a u f d i e F r a g e , i n w i e f e r n e ine d i r e k t e A b b i l d u n g der a r t i k u l a t o r i s c h e n P r o z e s s e bzw. de r P r o d u k t i o n s p r o z e s s e i . a . a u f d i e P e r z e p t i o n adäquater i s t , können w i r h i e r n i c h t w e i t e r e i n g e h e n . 1 3 Man könnte n u n e i n w e n d e n , daß d ie g r a m m a t i s c h e K a t e g o r i e ' F r a g e ' wobe i i n d i e s e m Z u s a m m e n h a n g i r r e l e v a n t i s t , ob es s i c h um e ine F o r m oder F u n k t i o n s k a t e g o r i e h a n d e l t e t w a s p r i n z i p i e l l a n d e r e s s e i a l s d i e p h o n e t i -

/pdf/zur-intonation-von-modus-und-fokus-im-deutschen-1do2stj4ah.pdf

Zur Intonation von Modus und Fokus im Deutschen

Selbständige verb-letzt-sätze: ihr platz im satzmodussystem und ihre intonatorische kennzeichnung

Die Gradpartikeln im Deutschen

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