ZnO nanoparticles are still a hot area for research even after ample work has been done by researchers across the world. It is a versatile material for doping of different transition metals among o...

Progress on Transition Metal-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles and Its Application

Designing an efficient hybrid structure photocatalyst for photocatalytic decomposition and hydrogen (H2) evolution has been considered a great choice to develop renewable technologies for clean energy production and environmental remediation. Enhanced charge transfer (CT) based on the interaction between a noble metal and a semiconductor is a crucial factor influencing the movement of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Herein, we focus on the recent advances related to plasmon-enhanced noble metals and the semiconductor nature to drive the photocatalytic H2 production and photodegradation of the organic dye rhodamine B (RhB) under UV and visible light irradiation. Specifically, the combination of concerted catalysis and green nanoengineering strategies to design ZnO-based composite photocatalysts and their decoration with metallic Ag have been realized by the radio frequency (RF) sputtering technique at room temperature. This simultaneity enhances the interface coupling between Ag and ZnO and reduces the energy threshold. The creation of charge transfer in the heterojunction and Schottky barrier changes the photoelectronic properties of the as-synthesized Al-doped ZnO (AZO); afterward, these effects promote the migration, transportation, and separation of photoinduced charge carriers and enhance the light-harvesting efficiency. As a result, the as-synthesized AZO-20 hybrid nanostructure exhibits a photocurrent density of 2.5 mA/cm2 vs Ag/AgCl, which is improved by almost 12 times compared with that of bare ZnO (0.2 mA/cm2). The hydrogen evolution rates of AZO-20 were ∼38 and ∼24 μmol/h under UV and visible light exposure, which are almost five- and tenfold higher than those of pristine ZnO, respectively. Additionally, the RhB degradation efficacies of the obtained AZO-20 were greater than almost 97 and 82% under UV and visible light illumination, respectively. The achieved apparent rate constant for the photocatalytic RhB decomposition was 0.014 min-1, indicating that it is 14-fold than that in pristine ZnO (0.001 min-1). Heterostructure AZO photocatalysts possess excellent practical stability in the water-splitting reaction and photocatalytic RhB decomposition, posing as promising candidates in practical works for pollution and energy challenges.

In Situ Charge Transfer at the Ag@ZnO Photoelectrochemical Interface toward the High Photocatalytic Performance of H2 Evolution and RhB Degradation

Ecofriendly and low-cost synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles from Acremonium potronii for the photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes.

Recently, the increment in environmental pollution has challenged the investigation of photocatalytic systems. However, metal organic framework MOFs have superior photocatalytic action, it exhibits low efficiency of light energy because of their large effective band gap. Hence, the current study presents an innovative strategy for enhancing the photocatalytic activity of Ti-containing MOF (MIL-125-NH2) by doping of silver vanadate (Ag3VO4) and silver tungstate (Ag2WO4) nanoparticles. For the prepared composites, spherical nanoparticles of Ag3VO4 and Ag2WO4 were deposited on size regulated microcrystals of MIL-125-NH2. After doping of Ag2WO4 and Ag3VO4, the optical band gap of MIL-125-NH2 was decreased from 2.65 eV to 2.56 eV and 2.27 eV, respectively. The effect of doped nanoparticles on the photocatalysis of MIL-125-NH2 was monitored in the degradation reaction of Methylene Blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes under UV and Visible light. The degradation of dyes (MB & RhB) was significantly enhanced by doping of nanoparticles. The rate of dye degradation (k1) was accelerated by factor of 1.6–2.1 and 2.1–4.9 due to doping of Ag2WO4 and Ag3VO4, respectively. Ag3VO4@MIL-125-NH2 exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity logically due to the lowest band gap. The efficiency of Ag3VO4@MIL-125-NH2 as photocatalyst was reduced by only 25.9–31 % after 5 regeneration cycles. The prepared composites are promising to apply as recyclable photocatalysts in the degradation of dyes in the sunlight, able to reuse for many cycles with substantial degradation efficiency.

Doping of silver vanadate and silver tungstate nanoparticles for enhancement the photocatalytic activity of MIL-125-NH2 in dye degradation

/pdf/photocatalytic-activity-of-cuo-nanoparticles-for-organic-and-444416lg.pdf

Photocatalytic activity of CuO nanoparticles for organic and inorganic pollutants removal in wastewater remediation.

A series of novel Fe-Cd co-doped ZnO nanoparticle based photocatalysts are successfully synthesized by sol-gel route and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray emission (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) techniques. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles doped with various atomic weight fraction of Fe and Cd has been investigated under visible light irradiation using the Methylene Blue and Rhodamine B dye in aqueous solution. The FeCd (2%):ZnO (ZFC-1) exhibit the highest photocatalytic activity in terms of rate constant as KMB = 0.01153 min−1 and KRhB = 0.00916 min−1). Further, the re-usability of the ZFC-1 photocatalyst is studied which confirms that it can be reused up to five times with nearly negligible loss of the photocatalytic efficiency. Moreover, the role of photoactive species investigated using a radical scavenger technique. The present investigations show that the doping concentration plays significant role in photocatalytic performance. The visible light absorption shown by Fe-Cd co-doped ZnO nanoparticles is much higher than that of undoped body probably due to co-doping, and the charge carrier recombination is decreased effectively which yields a higher photocatalytic performance. The mechanism for the enhancement of photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation is also proposed.

/pdf/enhanced-visible-light-photodegradation-activity-of-rhb-mb-327njnp7da.pdf

Enhanced visible light photodegradation activity of RhB/MB from aqueous solution using nanosized novel Fe-Cd co-modified ZnO.

Microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of WC/a-C:H coatings deposited by cathodic arc ion-plating

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Enhanced visible light photodegradation activity of RhB/MB from aqueous solution using nanosized novel Fe-Cd co-modified ZnO.

Microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of WC/a-C:H coatings deposited by cathodic arc ion-plating