The increasing number of people with seafood allergy has caused a series of problems for practitioners and consumers in the seafood industry year by year. Thereby, development of efficient, convenient and low-cost allergen detection methods is urgently needed. This review introduces three important existing seafood allergen detection methods associated with DNA-based, protein-based and aptamer-based. Their principles and biological characteristics are firstly presented. The core of these three methods are DNA amplification techniques, specific binding of antigens and antibodies, and specific binding of aptamers and ligands, respectively. Among them, DNA-based detection method is an indirect analysis, which takes the gene of allergen as the detection object and is characterized by good stability and high sensitivity. Protein-based and aptamer-based, methods employ indirect analysis for allergen detection. The difference is that the latter uses an easily synthesized and highly efficient aptamer as the detection probe, showing great promising potentials. The advantages and disadvantages of the three mentioned detection methods are also discussed. In the future, as more efficient and reliable detection methods for seafood allergens come into practice, the possibility of seafood allergy patients eating seafood products by mistake will be greatly reduced, which will ensure the food safety and the health of allergy patients.

DNA, protein and aptamer-based methods for seafood allergens detection: Principles, comparisons and updated applications.

In this paper, a novel quality factor trimming method for a 2-axis mode-matched resonator using thermoelastic dissipation (TED) is reported. A disk resonator was designed so that the Q-factor is mainly limited by TED, in which the effect of energy dissipation can be tuned by mechanical trimming. The trimming location are carefully chosen to independently modify the Q-factors of each axis. In addition, the trimming structure is designed not to affect the resonant frequencies. From the numerical experiment, the Q-factor trimming as much as 108% could be achieved while the frequency change was 4.7% at the maximum.

Quality factor trimming method using thermoelastic dissipation for multi-ring resonator

A comprehensive review on small-scale thermal energy harvesters: Advancements and applications

In this paper, we report a multi-ring disk resonator with elliptic spokes for compensating the aniso-elasticity of (100) single crystal silicon. The structural coupling between each ring segments can be controlled by replacing the straight beam spokes with the elliptic spokes. The degeneration of two n = 2 wineglass modes could be realized by optimizing the design parameters of the elliptic spokes. The mode-matched resonator could be obtained when the design parameter, aspect ratio of the elliptic spokes was 25/27. The proposed principle was demonstrated by both numerical simulation and experiment. A frequency mismatch as small as 1330 ± 900 ppm could be experimentally demonstrated, which was much smaller than that of the conventional disk resonator, which achieved as high as 30,000 ppm.

/pdf/multi-ring-disk-resonator-with-elliptic-spokes-for-frequency-1w8dsicy.pdf

Multi-Ring Disk Resonator with Elliptic Spokes for Frequency-Modulated Gyroscope

Micro/nano-ring or ring-based resonators are popular core components of sensors and actuators. Accurately predicting the quality factor (Q) based on thermoelastic damping (TED) is intensively crucial for designing high-performance micro/nano-ring resonators. In this work, adopting the modified-couple-stress (MCS) and nonlocal-dual-phase-lagging (NDPL) models, analytical TED expressions are developed for circular cross-section micro/nano-rings undergoing out-of-plane vibration for the first time. Multiple effects are considered in the modeling procedure, which are size-dependence effects in the mechanical and thermal fields, the non-Fourier effect of heat conduction, and three-dimensional temperature gradients in the circumferential, radial, and tangential directions. Therefore, the proposed TED models are more comprehensive compared to existing TED models. The coefficients (CC and CM) associated with the out-of-plane vibration mode are examined from an energy-ratio perspective. Moreover, the investigation is focused on the impacts of the MCS and NDPL non-Fourier effects on the fluctuation temperature and TED spectra. The results indicate as CC and CM approach one, the bending energy emerges as the predominant component of the stored energy. Notably, the NDPL non-Fourier effect significantly affects the fluctuation temperature within the ring operated in high-order modes. In special, the distributions of fluctuation temperature in the circumferential direction exhibit periodic patterns that are closely correlated with the modal order. Furthermore, TED can be suppressed by the MCS size-dependence effect. Meanwhile, the behavior of TED at high frequencies is simultaneously determined by the dimension of heat conduction, phase-lagging times, and nonlocal thermal-length parameter. 

Generalized thermoelastic damping in micro/nano-ring resonators undergoing out-of-plane vibration

Frequency Trimming Method for a Disk Resonator Using Flexural Rigidity

This paper reports a portable aptamer based allergen sensing system for food safety. A complete device with illumination and luminescence observation optical system, signal processor, power management system and data transmitter was fabricated. The luminescence signal from the sensing sheet could be successfully distinguished by the developed system.

Aptamer-Based Allergen Sensing System for Food Safety

We report, for the first time, the experimental demonstration of quality factor (Q-factor) trimming based on thermoelastic dissipation (TED). The proposed method could control the heat path, eventually energy dissipation rate by TED. By the appropriate choice of the trimming location, it could tune the Q-factor of a mode, almost independent from the Q-factors of other modes as well as the resonant frequencies. A multiring resonator was designed and evaluated to demonstrate the Q-factor tuning of a n = 2 wine glass mode. The Q-factor difference could be trimmed as high as 19.43%, while the frequency difference changed was as small as 0.43%.

A Novel Quality Factor Trimming Method for Multi-Ring MEMS Resonators Based on Thermoelastic Dissipation

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Papers

Quality factor trimming method using thermoelastic dissipation for multi-ring resonator

Frequency Trimming Method for a Disk Resonator Using Flexural Rigidity

Aptamer-Based Allergen Sensing System for Food Safety

A Novel Quality Factor Trimming Method for Multi-Ring MEMS Resonators Based on Thermoelastic Dissipation