Nanocomposite conductive fiber has been newly developed as a lightweight material with high flexibility and strong weavability, which can meet the requirements of flexible wearable devices. Herein, lightweight porous aramid nanofibers (ANF) and carbon nanotube (CNT) aerogel fibers coated with polypyrrole (PPy) layers are prepared by a wet spinning method for motion detection and information transmission. The ANF/CNT/PPy aerogel fiber with low density (56.3 mg/cm3), conductivity (6.43 S/m), and tensile strength (2.88 MPa) were used as motion sensors with high sensitivity (0.12) and long life (1000 cycles). At the same time, the differential conductivity of aerogel fibers is utilized to reduce the information transmission time (up to 46%). High- and low-temperature-resistant (-196 to 100 °C) aerogel fibers are also available as a quick heater and ionic solution detector. In summary, the prepared ANF/CNT/PPy aerogel fiber can be used as a multifunctional sensor for human-health detection and motion monitoring.

In Situ Loading of Polypyrrole onto Aramid Nanofiber and Carbon Nanotube Aerogel Fibers as Physiology and Motion Sensors.

Aerogels, the lightest artificial solid materials characterized by low density and thermal conductivity, high porosity, and large specific surface area, have attracted increasing interest. Aerogels exhibit single‐mode thermal insulation properties regardless of the surrounding temperature. In this study, hyperelastic Kevlar nanofiber aerogels (HEKAs) are designed and fabricated by a slow‐proton‐release‐modulating gelation and thermoinduced crosslinking strategy. The method does not use crosslinking agents and endows the ultralow‐density (4.7 mg cm−3) HEKAs with low thermal conductivity (0.029 W m−1 K−1), high porosity (99.75%), high thermal stability (550 °C), and increased compression resilience (80%) and fatigue resistance. Proofs of the concept of the HEKAs acting as on–off thermal switches are demonstrated through experiments and simulations. The thermal switches exhibit a rapid thermal response speed of 0.73 °C s−1, high heat flux of 2044 J m−2 s−1, and switching ratio of 7.5. Heat dissipation can be reversibly switched on/off more than fifty times owing to the hyperelasticity and fatigue resistance of the HEKAs. This study suggests a route to fulfill the hyperelasticity of highly porous aerogels and to tailor heat flux on‐demand.

Hyperelastic Kevlar Nanofiber Aerogels as Robust Thermal Switches for Smart Thermal Management

Aerogel has been much highlighted as an emerging lightweight thermal insulation material, but problems such as fragility, low strength, liquid permeability, and lack of flexibility greatly limit further applications. In this work, a facile aramid-coating-on-aramid (ACoA) method is demonstrated to fabricate all-aramid aerogel composite films for thermal insulation. The method started from the bottom-up synthesis of polymerization-induced para-aramid nanofibers (PANF), which were easily transformed into aerogel films through the vacuum-assisted filtration followed by the freeze-drying techniques. Then, the heterocyclic aramid (HA) solution prepared through the low-temperature-solution polycondensation was used as the coating to be applied onto the PANF aerogel films, and composite films of HA/PANF aerogel were simply achieved with HA contributed to the dense and continuous surface layer. The bulk HA film is of superior mechanical and thermal properties to those of the PANF film. Moreover, reliable interfacial interlocking structures were developed beneath the outermost surface via the interpenetration of the infiltrated HA with PANF network. The comprehensive result was the 15 times enhanced tensile strength, 33 times enhanced fracture toughness, the high thermal decomposition temperature, and the additional flexibility for the foldable films of HA/PANF aerogel. The sealing of the surface macropores greatly suppressed the surface chalking and high water absorption. However, the survival of the tiny pores inside the composite maintained the low enough level of the thermal conductivity to provide effective protections against high temperature not only in air but also under wet or even liquid conditions, suggesting the broader applications for thermal insulation.

The Aramid-Coating-on-Aramid Strategy toward Strong, Tough, and Foldable Polymer Aerogel Films.

Contemporary nanocellulose-composites: A new paradigm for sensing applications.

Nanocellulose aerogel has the advantages of porosity, low density and high specific surface area, which can effectively realize the adsorption and treatment of wastewater waste gas. The methods of preparing nanocellulose mainly include mechanical, chemical and biological methods. Nanocellulose is formed into nanocellulose aerogel after gelation, solvent replacement and drying processes. Based on the advantages of easy modification of nanocellulose aerogels, nanocellulose aerogels can be functionalized with conductive fillers, reinforcing fillers and other materials to give nanocellulose aerogels in electrical, mechanical and other properties. Through functionalization, the properties of nanocellulose composite aerogel such as hydrophobicity and adsorption are improved, and the aerogel is endowed with the ability of electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding. Through functionalization, the applicability and general applicability of nanocellulose composite aerogel in the field of environmental protection are improved. In this paper, the preparation and functional modification methods of nanocellulose aerogels are reviewed, and the application prospects of nanocellulose composite aerogels in common environmental protection fields such as dye adsorption, heavy metal ion adsorption, gas adsorption, electromagnetic shielding, and oil-water separation are specifically reviewed, and new solutions are proposed. 

Nanocellulose-based composite aerogels toward the environmental protection: Preparation, modification and applications.

Thermal insulating, light-weight and conductive cellulose/aramid nanofibers composite aerogel for pressure sensing.

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Thermal insulating, light-weight and conductive cellulose/aramid nanofibers composite aerogel for pressure sensing.