Preparation and properties of polysiloxane modified fluorine-containing waterborne polyurethane emulsion

Abundant Canadian pine with polysulfide redox mediating ZnS/CuS nanocomposite to attain high-capacity lithium sulfur battery

Abstract The modification of cotton fabrics with water-soluble cationic copolymers for salt-free dyeing applications with reactive dyes is explored in the present work. To this end, a family of bifunctional water-soluble cationic copolymers was designed through the chemical modification of poly(4-vinyl benzyl chloride), PVBC, with triethylamine, TEAM. These copolymers were applied onto cotton fabrics in aqueous alkaline solutions at moderate temperature (60 °C). The successful cotton modification was verified through the characterization of the modified samples with Raman and XPS spectroscopy. Moreover, a polymer coverage of the fabric of the order of 0.1% (w/w) was estimated following the polymer exhaustion through UV–Vis spectroscopy of the aqueous solutions used for the modification. The modification kinetics were followed through the evolution of the Raman spectra of the modified fabrics, the polymer exhaustion of the aqueous modification solutions and, indirectly, the dye exhaustion of the dyebaths using a reactive dye, namely Novacron Ruby S-3B. All techniques claim that fabric modification is practically accomplished within the first 1–2 h. The double functionality of the copolymers was explored through the XPS study of the modified fabrics, revealing that both electrostatic binding and covalent bonding of the cationic copolymers with the anionic surface of the fabric are expected to take place. As an important consequence, the polymer-modified fabrics are strongly dyed under eco-friendlier conditions, namely in salt-free alkaline solutions at room temperature, in contrast to the barely dyed unmodified fabric. Graphical abstract 

/pdf/water-soluble-quaternized-copolymers-as-eco-friendly-1f6rgti3.pdf

Water-soluble quaternized copolymers as eco-friendly cationic modifiers of cotton fabrics for salt-free reactive dyeing applications

In this study, cationic cellulose (CC) was prepared by etherifying commercial cellulose with (3-chloro-2 hydroxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) in an alkaline medium. The prepared CC was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The characterization results affirmed the successful cationization of cellulose. Upon optimization of reaction conditions, a CC sample with a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.857 was achieved. The CC sample was then tested as a flocculant or sorbent in three environmental applications: algal harvesting, solid removal from dairy wastewater, and capture of methyl orange (MO) in dye wastewater. The effects of dose level and pH on flocculation/sorption performance were studied. Under the optimal dose level and pH conditions, up to 90.4% of dry algal biomass and 53.3% of suspended solids in the dairy wastewater were removed, as measured by standard jar testing. Around 64.2% of MO in the synthetic wastewater was sorbed on the prepared CC and removed, as determined by absorbance at 463 nm. The new CC preparation method exempts the pre-dissolution of cellulose in a solvent and is expected to promote the application of CC in water treatment and the alike scenarios.

/pdf/preparation-of-cationic-cellulose-as-a-natural-flocculant-1zl9b9m9.pdf

Preparation of Cationic Cellulose as a Natural Flocculant/Sorbent and Its Application in Three Water Treatment Scenarios

A new strategy has been designed for enhancing the electrochemical performances of the supercapacitor electrode. In this work, hetero-structure flexible conductive cotton equipped with lamellar structure nickel/cobalt-based MOFs (NiCo-MOF) is...

Morphology-controllable bimetallic MOFs/ textile composite electrodes with high areal capacitance for flexible electronic devices

Traditional dyeing process of cotton has caused a large amount of wastewater with high salt content, which seriously damages the ecological environment. In this work, cotton fabric was modified with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride in order to decrease the electrostatic repulsion with the anionic dyes. A systematic optimization of the process has been performed. The acid dyes were applied instead of the common reactive dyes to dye the modified fabrics. The advantage of the high dye-uptake of acid dyes is studied. The levelness of the fabric dyed by reactive dyes and acid dyes were compared. The adsorption process and the bindings between the modified fabric and anionic acid dyes were further explored. The dyeing process were optimized. Finally, the dye-uptake of the modified fabric dyed by optimized conditions achieves to about 92%, which is comparable to traditional cotton dyeing process.

Cationic cotton modified by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride for salt-free dyeing with high levelling performance

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Cationic cotton modified by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride for salt-free dyeing with high levelling performance