[1] The long-term observation of surface heat and water budget and hydrometeorological elements has been carried out over a grassland site at Arvaikheer (46.23� N, 102.82� E) in central Mongolia as the framework of the GEWEX Asian Monsoon Experiment-Asian Automatic Weather Station Network (GAME-AAN). The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between vegetation and climate using long-term data (1982–2000) of satellite-derived leaf area index (LAI) and climatic data observed at Arvaikheer. Furthermore, we aimed to reveal physical process by comparing soil moisture and heat and water budgets in 1999 and 2000 as a case study of good and poor vegetation growth. Significant positive correlations with 99% confidence levels were found for July precipitation (P) and the LAI in July (0.538), August (0.826), and September (0.564). Composite analysis for five highest (H5) and lowest (L5) LAI years showed the significant positive anomalies of P in July and LAI in July and August for H5. In June and July 1999, soil moisture and P values were higher than values in 2000; this pattern was reversed in August and September. The mean LAI during the 1999 growing season (1.0) was about twice that of 2000 (0.6). In 1999 the ratio of evapotranspiration (ET) to P (ET/P) and change of stored soil moisture (DW )t o P( DW/P) were 0.79 and 0.15, respectively. In 2000, ET/P and DW/P were 0.94 and 0.0, respectively. These results suggest that the P and DW before July had the most influent on grass growth in central Mongolia. INDEX TERMS: 1818 Hydrology: Evapotranspiration; 1866 Hydrology: Soil moisture; 3309 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Climatology (1620); 3322 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Land/ atmosphere interactions; 3360 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Remote sensing; KEYWORDS: Mongolia, grassland, leaf area index, soil moisture, rainfall, evapotranspiration

/pdf/agrometeorological-conditions-of-grassland-vegetation-in-2teeiane37.pdf

Agrometeorological conditions of grassland vegetation in central Mongolia and their impact for leaf area growth

[1] The long-term observation of surface heat and water budget and hydrometeorological elements has been carried out over a grassland site at Arvaikheer (46.23°N, 102.82°E) in central Mongolia as the framework of the GEWEX Asian Monsoon Experiment-Asian Automatic Weather Station Network (GAME-AAN). The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between vegetation and climate using long-term data (1982-2000) of satellite-derived leaf area index (LAI) and climatic data observed at Arvaikheer. Furthermore, we aimed to reveal physical process by comparing soil moisture and heat and water budgets in 1999 and 2000 as a case study of good and poor vegetation growth. Significant positive correlations with 99% confidence levels were found for July precipitation (P) and the LAI in July (0.538), August (0.826), and September (0.564). Composite analysis for five highest (H5) and lowest (L5) LAI years showed the significant positive anomalies of P in July and LAI in July and August for H5. In June and July 1999, soil moisture and P values were higher than values in 2000; this pattern was reversed in August and September. The mean LAI during the 1999 growing season (1.0) was about twice that of 2000 (0.6). In 1999 the ratio of evapotranspiration (ET) to P (ET/P) and change of stored soil moisture (AW) to P (ΔW/P) were 0.79 and 0.15, respectively. In 2000, ET/P and ΔW/P were 0.94 and 0.0, respectively. These results suggest that the P and AW before July had the most influent on grass growth in central Mongolia.

This study investigated spatial variability of soil moisture in experimental fields of different size on the Mongolian plateau and in Japan. Data of near surface water contents at different depths and soil physical property parameters were obtained for each field. A complicated distribution of soil moisture was seen irrespective of the size of the field and the measurement interval. Statistical analyses showed no significant correlation between water content and either plant cover or saturated hydraulic conductivity, and that the spatial scale of soil moisture depended on the size of the experimental field and the measurement interval.

Different scale measurements of soil moisture on the ground

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Different scale measurements of soil moisture on the ground