A miniature fiber-optic Fabry–Perot (F-P) accelerometer based on phase demodulation is demonstrated for improving sensitivity. The accelerometer is composed of a 11.5 mm diameter cylindrical outer frame, a spring-like diaphragm with a loaded mass block and optical fiber. This structure is not only simple and easy to manufacture, but also greatly improves the performances of the accelerometer. The F-P cavity length is demodulated by phase demodulation with abundant advantages of wide dynamic range, high resolution, independent of fiber loss and light intensity fluctuations. The inertial mass displacement indicating a variation in the F-P cavity length is demodulated and converted to acceleration. Through experimental verification, the resonant frequency of the accelerometer is 232 Hz, and axial sensitivity is flat in 30–180 Hz. The average sensitivity of the flat area is 17.55 µm/g and the transverse crosstalk is around 3 %. The resolution of the sensing system is 2.8 µg within a ±3 mm maximum measurement range by experimental tests. This work gives a fitting option to monitor low and medium frequency vibration in a large range of areas. 

Ultra-high-resolution phase demodulation based miniature fiber-optic accelerometer at low and medium frequencies

A fiber Bragg grating acceleration sensor based on a circular flexure hinge structure for medium- and high-frequency vibration measurements

This paper proposes a novel vibration sensor based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology. The sensor employs a V-shaped flexure hinge structure, which is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated to enhance sensitivity for vibration sensing. The proposed design utilizes the V-shaped flexures hinge to focus the acceleration-induced strain, resulting in improved performance for vibration sensitivity. The implementation of the FBG sensor was evaluated through theoretical computations using MATLAB. The simulation software was also used to simulate the proposed structure and assess the parameters affecting its sensing performance. The experimental results of this work sensor demonstrate a sensitivity of 79.46 pm/G and a resonant frequency of 1140 Hz. The sensor’s operating frequency bandwidth was 30–320 Hz, while the temperature influence was measured at 8.5 pm/°C. In addition, the amplitude in the transverse direction was only 3% of the amplitude in the working principle, indicating that the presented sensor has solid lateral immunity. The experimental results were consistent with the simulation findings, demonstrating the presented vibration sensor’s good performance. The given work provides an opportunity to apply the FBG acceleration sensor in the high-dependability detection of low- and medium-frequency vibration signals. 

An Optical Fiber Acceleration Sensor Based on a V-shaped Flexure Hinge Structure

Real-time monitoring of vibration properties in micro-seismic applications, such as petroleum exploration, physical oceanography, and perimeter security, is important for deep exploration and the prediction of geological disasters and other fields. The fiber Bragg grating (FBG) vibration sensor with symmetrical V-shaped flexible hinges and a dual mass block is proposed. Utilizing formula derivation and simulation software, the sensor's structural parameters are optimized and subjected to analysis. These simulations inform the fabrication of the actual sensor, and subsequently, the sensor's performance is empirically tested. The results show an average sensitivity of 73.86 pm/G and a natural frequency of 800 Hz, with a working range of 20–340 Hz. Its exhibits anti-interference in the transverse direction is less than 5 % during vibration measurement. The research outcomes offer a point of guidance for the progress of FBG accelerometer development within applications that involve measuring low- to medium-frequency accelerations. 

A symmetrical dual-mass block fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor based on a V-shaped flexible hinge

This work proposes and experimentally validates a 2D low- and medium-frequency fiber Bragg grating (FBG) acceleration sensor. The investigation of the vibration sensor uses a symmetrical circular flexure hinge structure with similar sensitivity in both measuring directions. The two FBGs are arranged differently to avoid a temperature impact; the sensitivity is double that of only one FBG fiber. First, the operating theory and theoretical system of the FBG accelerometer were analyzed. Second, the theoretical research and optimization improved the FBG sensor’s design, resonance frequency, and sensitivity. Third, the viability of the optimization findings and the simulation was evaluated using ANSYS software. Finally, the product was created, and the sensor calibration was performed using the simulation results. The theoretical values and experimental findings largely concur. According to performance tests, the resonance frequencies in the x- and y-direction are 440 and 500 Hz, respectively, with a flat frequency range from 20 to 300 Hz. Furthermore, the sensor shows average sensitivities along the two spatial dimensions of 124 and 83 pm/G, respectively. The overall anti-interference between the two measuring directions is less than 6%. This sensor is useful in various applications, including vibration monitoring, machine condition monitoring, and robotics. 

A 2D Fiber Bragg Grating Acceleration Sensor Based on Circular Flexure Hinges Structure

A novel short fiber Bragg grating accelerometer based on a V-type dual mass block structure for low- and medium-frequency vibration measurements

Fabrication and testing of FBG sensor-based one-dimensional shock accelerometer attached to novel 3D printed structure

Acquiring medium- and high-frequency acceleration signals is vital for broad infrastructure health monitoring, such as bridges, railways, and tunnels. This article introduces an innovative fiber Bragg grating (FBG) accelerometer featuring a V-shaped flexure hinge structure with enhanced sensitivity. Theoretical calculation and simulation analysis software were employed to evaluate the proposed structure's parameters. Experimental results show a sensitivity of approximately 67.9 pm/G under a working bandwidth of 400–900 Hz and a resonant frequency of 1250 Hz. The influence of temperature at 8.4 pm/°C and transverse interference validate 3.5%. These findings align with simulations, affirming the sensor's performance. This innovation holds promise for enhancing structural integrity monitoring in large-scale structures by detecting medium- and high-frequency vibration measurements. 

A medium-high frequency FBG accelerometer based on a V-shaped flexible hinge

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