A review of studies of the electric-field influence on spectral lines is presented, beginning from the discovery of the Stark effect, and in particular focused on phenomena related to the effects of the plasma microfield non-uniformity.

https://www.mdpi.com/2218-2004/6/2/33/pdf

Beyond the Linear Stark Effect: A Retrospective

We present experimental and theoretical investigations of the He spectral series 2S1−nQ1 (n=3÷9, Q=S,P,D,…,n−1) and 2P1−nQ1 (n=3÷9, Q=S,P,D,…,n−1) in electric fields up to 1635  kV/cm. Apart from the allowed transitions with |ΔL|=1, the transitions with |ΔL|=0,2,3,…—without field strictly forbidden—were observed. Several He patterns become similar to hydrogen patterns, which means they are nearly symmetric and show in higher fields nearly linear Stark shifts. The applied fields are high enough that patterns belonging to neighboring principal quantum numbers (for n>6) begin to overlap, which leads to interesting level-anticrossing effects. The experimental results are compared with numerical calculations, taking into account mixing between states of different principal quantum numbers and between singlet and triplet states. The agreement between experimental and theoretical results is quite good.

Stark effect of atomic Helium singlet lines

We present experimental and theoretical investigations of the spectral series 2 3P–n 3Q (n=3–10, Q=S, P, D, ..., n-1) in electric fields up to 1600 kV cm−1. Such fields cause—for n>6—shifts of the upper levels of the observed transitions which are larger than the separation between levels with different principal quantum numbers. The patterns belonging to a certain principal quantum number become similar to hydrogen patterns; they are nearly symmetric and show a nearly linear Stark shift in higher electric fields. The applied fields were high enough that patterns belonging to neighboring principal quantum numbers begin to overlap, which leads to interesting level-anticrossing effects. The experimental results are compared with numerical calculations taking into account mixing between states of different principal quantum numbers and also between singlet and triplet states. The agreement between experimental and theoretical line shifts is quite good.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0031-8949/78/06/065303/pdf

Stark effect of atomic helium second triplet series in electric fields up to 1600 kV cm−1

We present experimental and theoretical investigations of the spectral series 2 3 P‐n 3 Q (n = 3‐10, Q = S, P, D,...,n 1) in electric fields up to 1600kVcm 1 . Such fields cause—for n >6—shifts of the upper levels of the observed transitions which are larger than the separation between levels with different principal quantum numbers. The patterns belonging to a certain principal quantum number become similar to hydrogen patterns; they are nearly symmetric and show a nearly linear Stark shift in higher electric fields. The applied fields were high enough that patterns belonging to neighboring principal quantum numbers begin to overlap, which leads to interesting level-anticrossing effects. The experimental results are compared with numerical calculations taking into account mixing between states of different principal quantum numbers and also between singlet and triplet states. The agreement between experimental and theoretical line shifts is quite good.

Stark effect of atomic helium second triplet series in electric fields up to

Studies of intensities of Stark lines of atomic He have been performed. The applied fields were high enough that shifts of the upper levels of the observed transitions became larger than the separation distance between levels with different principal quantum numbers. Overlapping of structures belonging to neighboring principal quantum numbers leads to levels anticrossing effects, what is reflected in variation of intensities of the observed spectral lines. Using the density matrix theory, calculations of the line intensities have been performed. By matching the superpositions of the excited states in the theoretical calculations we can follow the results of observation. Computer simulations have been performed for the observed levels anticrossing region between n = 6 and n = 7 in the second triplet series (23P–n3Q, Q = S, P, D, ...).

Intensities of helium Stark lines in the region of levels anticrossing between n = 6 and n = 7

Der vorliegende Artikel befast sich mit dem statischen Starkeffekt bei Feldstarken oberhalb von einigen hundert kV/cm. Im Vordergrund stehen dabei Untersuchungen von nicht wasserstoffahnlichen atomaren Systemen. Nach einer Beschreibung der heute verwendeten apparativen Anordnung zur Realisierung derartiger Felder wird anhand der Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen an Edelgasatomen (vorzugsweise Neon) gezeigt, wie sich auf der Basis umfangreicher experimentell gewonnener Daten allgemein gultige ‘Regeln’ uber die meist sehr komplizierten Verhaltensweisen von Starkeffekt-Niveaus aufstellen lassen. Des weiteren wird gezeigt, wie die gemessenen Verschiebungen uber weite Feldstarkebereiche hin in relativ einfacher Form analytisch beschrieben und dokumentiert werden konnen. Daruberhinaus wird auf das Problem einer brauchbaren Nomenklatur fur die Starkeffekt-Niveaus hin-gewiesen und vorgeschlagen, dafur jeweils einen Satz geeigneter Quantenzahlen zu verwenden. Dies setzt allerdings eine adaquate theoretische Beschreibung der jeweiligen Starkeffektzustande voraus.

Untersuchungen des Starkeffektes bei Hohen Feldstärken

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Untersuchungen des Starkeffektes bei Hohen Feldstärken