Problem and goal. Since the mid-50s of the 20th century, both Russian and foreign scientists began to actively conduct, and, at present, scientific research on inverse and incorrectly posed problems is being successfully carried out. Often, research on inverse and incorrect problems is carried out jointly by Russian and foreign experts. At present, the results of joint research by specialists on inverse and incorrect problems from Germany, Italy, China, Russia, Sweden, Japan and other countries are discussed at various thematic international scientific conferences and are subsequently published on the pages of scientific Russian and foreign journals. Many such publications can be found in the electronic libraries of scientific publications elibrary.ru, “CyberLeninka”, in the bibliographic and abstract database “Scopus” and other bibliographic and abstract databases. The wide availability of such bibliographic and abstract electronic databases allows the teacher who teaches students inverse and incorrect problems to keep abreast of modern scientific achievements in the scientific world and to form the content of a variety of elective courses, including modern mathematical methods and approaches to researching inverse and incorrect problems. When teaching inverse and incorrect problems, the teacher must realize the goals and objectives of not only the formation of deep scientific subject knowledge in students, but also the identification of the scientific and cognitive potential of such training. Methodology. Realization of the scientific and cognitive potential of teaching university students inverse and incorrect problems using computer technologies. Results. Understanding the scientific and cognitive potential of inverse and incorrect problems, their relationship with applied aspects, the ability to use computer technologies in the study of applied problems will allow students, after graduating from an educational institution, to prove themselves as a successful specialist in applied mathematics in general, and in inverse and incorrect problems, in particular. Conclusion. Graduates who have acquired solid knowledge of inverse and incorrect problems, possess modern scientific methods © Kornilov V.S., 2021 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Корнилов В.С. Вестник РУДН. Серия: Информатизация образования. 2021. Т. 18. No 3. С. 248–257 ВЛИЯНИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ НА РАЗВИТИЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 249 of their research developed by specialists from different countries of the world, understand the scientific and cognitive potential of inverse and incorrect problems, and possess the skills of independent selection of effective information technologies for solving applied mathematical problems will successfully work in research organizations and independently conduct applied research.

Evolution of teaching and learning through technology влияние технологий на развитие образования

The NIKA2 camera operating at the IRAM 30-m telescope excels in high-angular resolution mapping of the thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect towards galaxy clusters at intermediate and high-redshift. As part of the NIKA2 guaranteed-time, the SZ Large Program (LPSZ) aims at tSZ-mapping a representative sample of SZ-selected galaxy clusters in the catalogues of the Planck satellite and of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, and also observed in X-ray with XMM-Newton or Chandra. Having completed observations in January 2023, we present tSZ maps of 38 clusters spanning the targeted mass (3 < M500/1014M⊙ < 10) and redshift (0.5 < z < 0.9) range. The first in-depth studies of individual clusters highlight the potential of combining tSZ and X-ray observations at similar angular resolution for precised mass measurements under the hydrostatic assumption MHSE. These were milestones for the development of a standard data analysis pipeline to go from NIKA2 raw data to the thermodynamic properties of galaxy clusters for the upcoming LPSZ data release. Final products will include measurements of the mean pressure profile of unprecedented quality and MHSE-observable scaling relation using a distinctive SZ-selected sample, which will be key for ultimately improving the accuracy of cluster-based cosmology.

pdf/the-nika2-sunyaev-zeldovich-large-program-2ryw9id4hr.pdf

The NIKA2 Sunyaev-Zeldovich Large Program

. Problem statement. Currently, the higher school provides students of physical and mathematical training areas with fundamental subject knowledge, forms professional com-petencies, develops creative abilities and creativity, teaches them to use modern computer technologies to solve applied problems. One of such academic disciplines, in which students are taught to use computer technologies in solving applied mathematical problems, is a training course called “Inverse problems for differential equations.” Such an academic discipline has been taught in some Russian universities in the form of elective courses since the 70s of the 20th century. The educational material of this training course includes advanced research results on inverse problems belonging to specialists from different countries, such as Germany, Italy, China, Sweden, Netherlands, Russia, Japan and other foreign countries. During the practical classes, much attention is paid to the use of computer simulation for the study of such applied problems. This circumstance implies the development of educational materials taking into account the professional training of university students, in which attention should be paid to the use of computer modeling in solving mathematical models of inverse problems. Methodology. The implementation of training of university students in physical and mathematical areas of training involves taking into account modern scientific achievements of world science in the field of inverse problems using computer simulation and implementing advanced pedagogical technologies in the classroom. Results. Students acquire scientific knowledge of computer modeling and master the wide possibilities of computer modeling in the study of inverse problems. Conclusion. The presence of scientific knowledge in the field of computer simulation and practical experience of its application for solving inverse problems gives students great advantages and opportunities to be successful specialists in the field of applied mathematics and to be in demand on the labor market in various spheres of human activity.

EVOLUTION OF TEACHING AND LEARNING THROUGH TECHNOLOGY Development of students’ scientific knowledge on computer modeling while teaching inverse problems for differential equations 1

PSZ2 G091.83+26.11 is a massive galaxy cluster with M500 = 7.43 × 1014 M at z = 0.822. This object exhibits a complex morphology with a clear bimodality observed in X-rays. However, it was detected and analysed in the Planck sample as a single, spherical cluster following a universal profile [1]. This model can lead to miscalculations of thermodynamical quantities, like the pressure profile. As future multiwavelength cluster experiments will detect more and more objects at higher redshifts (where we expect the fraction of merging objects to be higher), it is crucial to quantify this systematic effect. In this work, we use high-resolution observations of PSZ2 G091.83+26.11 by the NIKA2 camera to integrate the morphological characteristics of the cluster in our modelling. This is achieved by fitting a two-halo model to the SZ image and then by reconstruction of the resulting projected pressure profile. We then compare these results with the spherical assumption.

pdf/psz-2-g-091-a-massive-double-cluster-at-z-0-822-observed-by-3v58dcb1.pdf

PSZ 2 G 091 : A massive double cluster at z ∼ 0 . 822 observed by the NIKA 2 camera

The most robust previously published phylogeny for the overall structure of the grass family (Po- aceae) shows three early diverging lineages and two major derived clades, the BEP clade and the PACCAD clade (Grass Phylogeny Working Group 2001). A few key taxa were incompletely sampled, however, and support for the BEP clade was moderate at best and relationships among the major lineages within the PACCAD clade remained unresolved. In addition, recent studies indicated that the sister group to Poaceae may be Joinvilleaceae and/or Ecdeiocoleaceae, the latter of which were not previously sampled. In this study, missing structural data were determined and analyzed as well as sequence data for ndh F and rbc L, the two most complete plastid sequence data sets. Sampling was increased with a particular focus on key taxa such as Danthoniopsis, Eriachne, Micraira, and Strep- togyna and a representative of the outgroup, Ecdeiocoleaceae. A total of 61 ingroup and two outgroup taxa were analyzed using maximum parsimony for total data, and maximum parsimony, Bayesian inference, and neighbor joining for the molecular data. A strongly supported clade of ((Eriachneae, Isachne ) Micraira ) was recovered as a sister subfamily to Arundinoideae and excluded from Panicoideae. Arundinaria was strongly united with Bambusoideae. The position of Streptogyna was weakly supported among Ehrhartoideae, and is still unresolved. An outgroup effect on ingroup topology was observed demonstrating that highly divergent outgroups may unpredictably alter ingroup relationships.

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany Phylogeny of the Grasses (Poaceae) Revisited Phylogeny of the Grasses (Poaceae) Revisited

United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

TRANSMISSION SPECTRA. Y. Kebukawa*, E. Quirico, E. Dartois, L. Bonal, C. Engrand, J. Duprat, J. Mathurin, A. Dazzi, A. Deniset-Besseau, H. Yabuta, H. Yurimoto, T. Nakamura, T. Noguchi, R. Okazaki, H. Naraoka, K. Sakamoto, S. Tachibana, S. Watanabe, Y. Tsuda, and The Hayabusa2-initial-analysis organic macromolecule team. Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan, IPAG, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, UMR8214, Université ParisSaclay/CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France, IJCLab, UMR 9012 Université Paris-Saclay/CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, SU, IMPMC, Paris, France, Institut Chimie Physique, UMR 8000, Université Paris-Saclay/CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan. *Email: kebukawa@ynu.ac.jp

Organic matter in the asteroid ryugu samples inferred from its infrared transmission spectra.

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