Half-sandwich iridium(III) complexes show potential value in the anticancer field. However, complexes with favorable luminescence performance are rare, which limits further investigation of the anticancer mechanism. In this paper, 10 triphenylamine-modified fluorescent half-sandwich iridium(III) pyridine complexes {[(η5-Cpx)Ir(L)Cl2]} (Ir1-Ir10) were prepared and showed potential antiproliferative activity, effectively inhibiting the migration of A549 cells. Ir6, showing the best activity among these complexes, exhibited excellent fluorescence performance (absolute fluorescence quantum yield of 15.17%) in solution. Laser confocal detection showed that Ir6 followed an energy-dependent cellular uptake mechanism, specifically accumulating in mitochondria (Pearson co-localization coefficient of 0.95). A Western blot assay further confirmed the existence of a mitochondrial apoptotic channel. Additionally, Ir6 could arrest the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, catalyze NADH oxidation, reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential, induce an increase in the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species, and exhibit a mechanism of oxidation. An in vivo antitumor assay confirmed that Ir6 can effectively inhibit tumor growth and is safer than cisplatin.

In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Assay of Mitochondrially Targeted Fluorescent Half-Sandwich Iridium(III) Pyridine Complexes.

Apigenin, a natural flavonoid, promotes autophagy and ferroptosis in human endometrial carcinoma Ishikawa cells in vitro and in vivo

The morphological simplicity of the cells in the family Selenastraceae has been a barrier to a good establishment of well-defined taxonomic groups, and consequently impairing the application of these organisms in the biotechnological field. Biomolecules are phenotypic expressions that can be useful in the taxonomy of microorganisms. In this scenario, the present study used the spectra of organic compounds (mainly proteins) of whole cells obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technique as a tool to differentiate freshwater coccoid green microalgae of the family Selenastraceae at the species and strains levels. Firstly, a test to choose the matrix and sample preparation method that could result in higher signal-to-noise ratio was performed with the species Ankistrodesmus fusiformis and Coelastrum sphaericum . The best spectra were obtained using α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (HCCA) and matrix suspension method, which were used for chemotaxonomic analysis of 18 microalgal strains belonging to 12 different species. Spectra of microalgae cells were collected in two different mass ranges, from 0.4 to 2.0 kDa and from 2.0 to 20.0 kDa. Each strain yielded unique spectra with a good resolution of peaks and reproducibility, which was used for the cluster analyses. The dissimilarity analysis showed that it was possible to distinguish microalgal strains and species based on the obtained spectra. Geographic differences for the genus Selenastrum were evidenced in both mass ranges analyzed. Furthermore, our data corroborated some previous studies with Selenastraceae, using molecular markers, regarding to the polyphyly of the genus Monoraphidium . The spectra collected at higher masses contained more significant information for the taxonomy of green coccoid microalgae, allowing a better distinction between the genus Ankistrodesmus and Monoraphidium . The good classification results allied with practicability and quickness for data acquisition using MALDI-TOF MS favors its application in taxonomic studies.

MALDI-TOF MS based discrimination of coccoid green microalgae (Selenastraceae, Chlorophyta)

In this contribution, a novel AIE monomers 2-(4-styrylphenyl)- 1,2-diphenylvinyl)styryl)pyridine (SDVPY) with smart fluorescent pH-sensitivity basing on tetraphenylethylene-pyridine were successfully synthesized for the first time, subsequently, a series of amphiphilic copolymers PEG-PY were achieved by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of SDVPY and poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA), which would self-assemble in water solution to form core-shell nanoparticles (PEG-PY FONs) with about 150 nm diameter. The PEG-PY FONs showed obvious fluorescence response to Fe3+, HCO3- and CO32- ions in aqueous solution owing to their smart pH-sensitivity and AIE characteristics, and their maximum emission wavelength could reversibly change from 525 nm to 624 nm. The as-prepared PEG-PY FONs showed also prospective application in cells imaging with the variable fluorescence for different pH cells micro-environment. When PEG-PY copolymers self-assembled with the anti-tumor drug paclitaxel (PTX), the obtained PY-PTX FONs could effectively deliver and release PTX with pH-sensitivity, and could be easily internalized by A549 cells and located at the cytoplasm with high cytotoxicity, which was further confirmed by the Calcein-AM/PI staining of dead and alive A549 cells. Moreover, the flow cytometry results indicated that the PY-PTX FONs could obviously induce the apoptosis of A549 cells, which further showed the great potential of PY-PTX FONs in the application of tumors therapy. 

Synthesis of an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) dye with pH-sensitivity based on tetraphenylethylene-pyridine for fluorescent nanoparticles and its applications in bioimaging and in vitro anti-tumor effect.

https://www.sciopen.com/article_pdf/1640604325348208642.pdf

Apigenin, a natural flavonoid, promotes autophagy and ferroptosis in human endometrial carcinoma (EC) Ishikawa cells in vitro and in vivo

An AIE-featured triphenyltin(IV)-triphenylamine acylhydrazone compound and anticancer application

This study was to investigate the composition and characteristics of long-chained alcohols extracted from the algal strain Monoraphidium 3s35. The production of biomass was optimized using different cultivation methods. Under the aerated growth condition, this strain yielded up to 37.26% extracts of dry weight and 576 mgL-1 biomass. The major compounds of the extracts are mainly long-chained alcohols (89.24%), with carbon chain length ranging from 12 to 20. Interestingly, or the long-chained alcohols, 3-(2-Methoxyethyl)-1-nonanol, 3,7,11, 15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol and oleyl alcohol accounted for 53.68%, 23.45%, and 12.11%, respectively. Because of their amphipathic nature, these long-chained alcohols have been widely used in bioenergy production and cosmetics industry. Furthermore, Monoraphidium 3s35 produced 9.73% of C17 and C20 alkanes, which can be used as an important supplement for the petrodiesel-like fuel.

/pdf/long-chain-alcohols-derived-from-the-microalga-monoraphidium-1jy3o5ssgk.pdf

Long-chain alcohols derived from the microalga Monoraphidium

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An AIE-featured triphenyltin(IV)-triphenylamine acylhydrazone compound and anticancer application

Long-chain alcohols derived from the microalga Monoraphidium