Digital Twin (DT) refers to the virtual copy or model of any physical entity (physical twin) both of which are interconnected via exchange of data in real time Conceptually, a DT mimics the state of its physical twin in real time and vice versa Application of DT includes real-time monitoring, designing/planning, optimization, maintenance, remote access, etc Its implementation is expected to grow exponentially in the coming decades The advent of Industry 40 has brought complex industrial systems that are more autonomous, smart, and highly interconnected These systems generate considerable amounts of data useful for several applications such as improving performance, predictive maintenance, training, etc A sudden influx in the number of publications related to ‘Digital Twin’ has led to confusion between different terminologies related to the digitalization of industries Another problem that has arisen due to the growing popularity of DT is a lack of consensus on the description of DT as well as so many different types of DT, which adds to the confusion This paper intends to consolidate the different types of DT and different definitions of DT throughout the literature for easy identification of DT from the rest of the complimentary terms such as ‘product avatar’, ‘digital thread’, ‘digital model’, and ‘digital shadow’ The paper looks at the concept of DT since its inception to its predicted future to realize the value it can bring to certain sectors Understanding the characteristics and types of DT while weighing its pros and cons is essential for any researcher, business, or sector before investing in the technology

https://www.mdpi.com/2571-5577/4/2/36/pdf

Digital Twin: Origin to Future

Digital Twin is one of the promising digital technologies being developed at present to support digital transformation and decision making in multiple industries. While the concept of a Digital Twin is nearly 20 years old, it continues to evolve as it expands to new industries and use cases. This has resulted in a continually increasing variety of definitions that threatens to dilute the concept and lead to ineffective implementations of the technology. There is a need for a consolidated and generalized definition, with clearly established characteristics to distinguish what constitutes a Digital Twin and what does not. This paper reviews 46 Digital Twin definitions given in the literature over the past ten years to propose a generalized definition that encompasses the breadth of options available and provides a detailed characterization which includes criteria to distinguish the Digital Twin from other digital technologies. Next, a process and considerations for the implementation of Digital Twins is presented through a case study. Digital Twin future needs and opportunities are also outlined.

Digital Twin: Generalization, characterization and implementation

The purpose of this paper is to examine and discuss the current patterns, gaps and trends in Digital Twin research in the architectural, engineering, construction, operation, and facility management (AECO-FM) industry and to propose future directions for industry stakeholders . A bibliometric search was performed on 197 papers that were obtained from the Scopus database. 151 of those papers were used in the subsequent scientometric analysis and mapping to narrate the evolution of the research subject. The studies discussed in the paper cover a wide range of research from model-based information management to building information management, all the way to the interaction between buildings and smart cities. The ‘virtual-physical building integration’, ‘building lifecycle management’, and ‘information integrated production’ subjects are highly in the focus of the research field. While ‘information-based predictive management’ and ‘virtual-based information utilization’ studies need to be addressed for a holistic Digital Twin adoption in the AECO-FM industry. Future studies should focus on the full integration of digital twin and its physical counterpart for better performance throughout the building life cycle. This study highlights the patterns, gaps and trends in Digital Twin research in the AECO-FM industry and contributes to the state-of-the-art digitalization and automation approaches in the construction project management body of knowledge. The sample size is a limitation for this research since it is relatively small due to the newness of the subject. Future studies may include data related to practice-oriented innovations and industry-initiated improvements to achieve broader and more informed results.

Digital Twin Research in the AECO-FM Industry

Latest trends and developments in digital technologies have enabled a new manufacturing model. Digital systems can monitor, optimize and control processes by creating a virtual copy of the physical...

Digital twin for smart manufacturing: a review of concepts towards a practical industrial implementation

Recent technological developments in the construction industry are seeking to create smart cities by using Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) to enhance information models such as BIM. Currently, BIM models are commonly adopted to work with IoT-based systems and embrace smart technologies that offer interoperability in the communication layer. In future, it is envisioned that digital twins will provide new possibilities for cyber-physical systems via monitoring and simulation. However, rarely in this rapidly developing field is security fully considered. This paper reviews the relevant literature regarding the use of the IoT in the built environment and analyses current practices. It also presents examples of cities that use the IoT to improve construction and the lived experience. Finally, it reviews how digital twins factor in multiple layers defined in CPSs, from physical objects to information models. Based on this review, recommendations are provided documenting how BIM specifications can be expanded to become IoT compliant, enhancing standards to support cybersecurity, and ensuring digital twin and city standards can be fully integrated in future secure smart cities.

/pdf/cybersecurity-for-digital-twins-in-the-built-environment-49co4oxsu9.pdf

Cybersecurity for digital twins in the built environment: current research and future directions

The article describes an industrial cyber-physical platform for small series production using digital twins under development at ITMO University (Saint Petersburg, Russia). The platform is based on...

Development of an industrial cyber-physical platform for small series production using digital twins

The article deals with the creation and application of virtual ICPS objects. Ensuring flexibility of the production system and, accordingly, its timely reconfiguration requires the preparation of numerous technological and production parameters, which are formed on the basis of modeling at various levels — from a single technological operation to the production system as a whole. The article gives practical examples of creating virtual ICPS objects, shows both vertical links between modeling levels and their horizontal linkages with related technologies and real-world objects.

Multiscale modeling and simulation for industrial cyber-physical systems

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Development of an industrial cyber-physical platform for small series production using digital twins

Multiscale modeling and simulation for industrial cyber-physical systems