Fuel cell devices and systems are provided. In certain embodiments, the devices include a ceramic support structure having a length, a width, and a thickness with the length direction being the dominant direction of thermal expansion. A reaction zone having at least one active layer therein is spaced from the first end and includes first and second opposing electrodes, associated active first and second gas passages, and electrolyte. The active first gas passage includes sub-passages extending in the y direction and spaced apart in the x direction. An artery flow passage extends from the first end along the length and into the reaction zone and is fluidicly coupled to the sub-passages of the active first gas passage. The thickness of the artery flow passage is greater than the thickness of the sub-passages. In other embodiments, fuel cell devices include second sub-passages for the active second gas passage and a second artery flow passage coupled thereto, and extending from either the first end or the second end into the reaction zone. In yet other embodiments, one or both electrodes of a fuel cell device are segmented.

Fuel cell device and system

This disclosure relates to a compact and thermally integrated structure for assemblies of hollow electrode electrochemical devices (HEED), such as solid oxide fuel cells, solid oxide electrolysis cells, and solid oxide ion transport membranes, for providing a means for electrical interconnection between multiple cells, and manifolds for reactant and product streams. The HEED comprises an inner electrode chamber, inner current collector, inner electrode, electrolyte, outer electrode, outer current collector, and outer electrode chamber. The system comprises a plurality of HEED, arranged in a parallel array, mechanically supported by one or more header plates, where a primary header plate encompasses a portion of a gas manifold connected to the inner chamber of the HEED. The HEED pass through the primary header plate, into the primary manifold chamber wherein electronic connections are formed between the inner current collector and outer current collectors of the HEED to allow for series, parallel, or series-parallel electrical configurations. The system is operated such that the temperature and atmosphere surrounding the interconnect assembly in the primary manifold chamber are conducive to the use of metallic interconnect materials. The outer electrode chamber of the HEED is housed in a manifold that may be thermally integrated with a heat exchanger, fuel reformer, tailgas combustor, or auxiliary heat source.

Assemblies of hollow electrode electrochemical devices

A fuel cell unit (50) includes an array of solid oxide fuel cell tube sheets (10) having porous metallic exterior (11) surfaces, interior fuel cell layers (12, 13, 14), and interior surfaces, and at least one header in operable communication with the array of solid oxide fuel cell tube sheets (10) for directing a first reactive gas into contact with the porous metallic exterior surfaces and for directing a second reactive gas into contact with the interior surfaces. The header also includes at least one busbar selected from the group consisting of an exterior busbar (124) disposed in electrical contact with the porous metallic exterior surfaces and an interior busbar (132) disposed in electrical contact with the interior surfaces.

Solid oxide fuel cell and stack configuration

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel battery device that is improved in power generation efficiency by uniformly supplying external gas to outside of fuel battery cells.SOLUTION: The fuel battery device 1 includes a reformer 20, a fuel battery cell aggregate 12 which is equipped with a plurality of tubular fuel battery cells 84 and has fuel gas flowing as internal gas from one-end part to the other-end part inside the fuel battery cells, a power generating air supply path 76 having a plurality of air outlets 78 for supplying power generating air as external gas and blowing out the power generating air to one-end part outside the tubular fuel battery cells, a combustion chamber 18 in which the remaining fuel gas not used for the power generation is burnt to generate fuel gas, and a combustion gas intake port 102 which is provided on the other-end part side of the fuel battery cells and exhausts the combustion gas generated at a combustion part to the outside. A bored plate 104 through which the combustion gas and the external gas are harder to pass at a part close to the combustion gas intake port 102 than at a part distant therefrom is arranged between the combustion chamber 18 and combustion gas intake port 102.

Fuel battery device

The invention provides tubular solid oxide fuel cell devices and a fuel cell system incorporating a plurality of the fuel devices, each device including an elongate tube having a reaction zone for heating to an operating reaction temperature, and at least one cold zone that remains at a low temperature below the operating reaction temperature when the reaction zone is heated. An electrolyte is disposed between anodes and cathodes in the reaction zone, and the anode and cathode each have an electrical pathway extending to an exterior surface in a cold zone for electrical connection at low temperature. In one embodiment, the tubular device is a spiral rolled structure, and in another embodiment, the tubular device is a concentrically arranged device. The system further includes the devices positioned with their reaction zones in a hot zone chamber and their cold zones extending outside the hot zone chamber. A heat source is coupled to the hot zone chamber to heat the reaction zones to the operating reaction temperature, and fuel and air supplies are coupled to the tubes in the cold zones.

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Device and System

A multi-function bundle having all of the basic support functions integrated therein can be used as a basic building block component, for example, in a fuel cell engine. The multi-function bundle is modular, easy to assemble, and able to withstand the physical and thermal shocks encountered in mobile applications. The multi-function bundle utilizes fully distributed fuel and oxidant supply systems which help to reduce temperature gradients throughout the array of fuel cells. The multi-function bundle may be comprised of a plurality of fuel cells, an oxidant supply system, a fuel supply system and a support structure which integrates the fuel cells, oxidant supply system, and fuel supply system into a single unit. The oxidant and fuel supply systems may be fully distributed. The fuel supply system may include one or more fuel feed tube assemblies which allow distributed internal fuel reformation and reduce temperature gradients throughout the array of fuel cells.

Multi-function solid oxide fuel cell bundle and method of making the same

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Multi-function solid oxide fuel cell bundle and method of making the same