http://www.unm.edu/%7Egfmiller/cycle_effects_on_tips.pdf

Ovulatory cycle effects on tip earnings by lap-dancers: Economic evidence for human estrus?

This article reports on an ethnographic study of female sex workers in Britain who work in the indoor prostitution markets. The empirical findings contribute to the sex-as-labour debate and add to the sociological literature regarding the gendered and sexualized nature of employment, particularly the aesthetic and emotional labour of service work. Grounding the empirical findings in the theory of identity management and emotional labour and work, the article reviews some of the existing examples of how sex workers create emotion management strategies and describes an additional strategy, that of the ‘manufactured identity’. I argue that sex workers create a manufactured identity specifically for the workplace as a self-protection mechanism to manage the stresses of selling sex as well as crafting the work image as a business strategy to attract and maintain clientele. Drawing on comparisons between sex work and other feminized service occupations, I argue that sex workers who are involved in prostitution under certain conditions are able to capitalize on their own sexuality through the construction of a manufactured identity. The process of conforming to heterosexualized images in prostitution is conceptualized as not simply accepting dominant discourses but as a calculated response made by sex workers to manipulate the erotic expectations and the cultural ideals of the male client.

‘It's Just Acting’: Sex Workers’ Strategies for Capitalizing on Sexuality

This article reviews the current evidence base for the diagnosis, assessment, and treatment of hypersexual conditions. Controversy concerning this diagnosis is discussed. Terminology and diagnostic criteria, as well as psychological, psychopharmacological, and other treatment approaches, are presented.

Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment of hypersexuality.

The focus of this paper is on the notion of 'addictive consumption', conceived as a set of discourses that are embedded within wider socio-historical processes of governance and control. It examines the discursive convergences and conflicts between practices of consumption and notions of addiction, which it notes are consistently represented in terms of the oppositional categories of self-control vs. compulsion and freedom vs. determinism. These interrelations are explored with reference to the development of notions of addiction, and their relation to shifting configurations of identity, subjectivity and governance. Finally, it suggests that the notion of 'addiction' has particular valence in advanced liberal societies, where an unprecedented emphasis on the values of freedom, autonomy and choice not only encourage the conditions for its proliferation into ever wider areas of social life, but also reveal deep tensions within the ideology of consumerism itself.

https://www.sfu.ca/media-lab/426/readings/consumptionaddiction.pdf

Consumption and its discontents: addiction, identity and the problems of freedom

This article argues that the emergence of “problem gambling” as a distinct social phenomenon is the result of a particular convergence of discourses and socioeconomic formations that express the underlying contradictions of late-modern consumer societies. Although historically gambling has been criticized for undermining the ethic of production, today the notion of problem gambling is articulated in terms that are oppositional to the ideology of a “consumption ethic” based on the values of self-control, self-actualization, responsibility, and reason. This is related to wider socioeconomic trends whereby the decline of external forms of regulation is matched by rising demands for individual self-control, which is conducted through consumption. In the case of gambling, the liberalization and deregulation of the industry and the simultaneous expectation that individual players govern themselves express the tensions inherent in consumer capitalism and create the conditions for the emergence of the problem gambler as a unique historical type.

/pdf/gambling-and-the-contradictions-of-consumption-a-genealogy-l7x9d81ugr.pdf

Gambling and the Contradictions of Consumption: A Genealogy of the “Pathological” Subject

Pathological Gambling: The Making of a Medical Problem

Consensus and dissensus models of development, and the underlying assumptions of each approach, are presented and discussed. The findings of a reputational leadership survey conducted in a metropolitan area with a large minority population are then outlined. They indicate that the minority population leadership represents more of a subcommunity than part of an overall, integrated leadership structure. Implications of the survey results for practitioners in communities where leadership is divided along racial lines are discussed. These practitioners may face built-in dissensus situations where contesting, rather than collaborative, strategies of purposive change are present.

The Racial Bifurcation of Community Development: Implications for Community Development Practitioners

This research explores homosexual coming out as an interpersonal process involving disclosure of a deviant identity to selected audiences. More specifically, this paper focuses on disclosure of a lesbian identity to parents. Based on in-depth interviews with 53 self-identified homosexual women, the factors which are most strongly associated with disclosure to parents are self-perception of the possession of stereotypical lesbian characteristics and level of education for both respondents and parents. Future researchers should focus on the temporal ordering of variables associated with the disclosure of a deviant identity and should also examine risk-lessening factors in other areas of lesbians' lives, such as the workplace and within heterosexual friendship networks.

Coming out: Lesbians' disclosures to parents

We report a participant‐observation‐based analysis of the recruitment strategies, the formal organization, and the organizational underlife of a privately owned, profit‐making “conning” organization that calls itself a fashion school for girls. Two variations of interactionist sociology, negotiated order theory and dramaturgical sociology, are used. Beyond expanding understanding of how conning organizations operate, implications extend to the issue of deceit in competitive recruitment for scarce human resources as, for instance, in the current practices of some colleges and universities to ensure enrollment minima in the context of a dwindling marketplace.

Recruitment for fashion careers: A case study of organizational conning

Observations of customer‐waitress interaction in a topless club over a two‐and‐one‐half month period are presented. Data were generated by a participant‐observer who worked as a waitress‐dancer in a topless club during this period. Analysis focuses on the setting, appearance, and manner of the “cynical performance” (Goffman 1959) orchestrated by the waitress through which she uses semi‐nudity, nudity and nude dancing to stimulate the fantasies of her patrons and thereby creates “counterfeit intimacy” (Boles and Garbin 1977). The overriding goal of the club and the waitress‐dancers is to make money through the sale of alcohol and table dances; customer goals are to have a “sexual experience” (not necessarily intercourse) of some sort. Various “ploys,” enacted by both customers and waitresses, are analyzed, with the ultimate goal of these ploys being to enhance the effectiveness of the “counterfeit intimacy” contrived by both parties. Conclusions suggest that all forms of “counterfeit” can be studied as sou...

Counterfeit intimacy: A dramaturgical analysis of an erotic performance.

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