It's the American dream: get a good education, work hard, buy a house, and achieve prosperity and success. This is the America we believe in-a nation of opportunity, constrained only by ability and effort. But during the last twenty-five years we have seen a disturbing "opportunity gap" emerge. Americans have always believed in equality of opportunity, the idea that all kids, regardless of their family background, should have a decent chance to improve their lot in life. Now, this central tenet of the American dream seems no longer true or at the least, much less true than it was. Robert Putnam-about whom The Economist said, "his scholarship is wide-ranging, his intelligence luminous, his tone modest, his prose unpretentious and frequently funny"-offers a personal but also authoritative look at this new American crisis. Putnam begins with his high school class of 1959 in Port Clinton, Ohio. By and large the vast majority of those students-"our kids"-went on to lives better than those of their parents. But their children and grandchildren have had harder lives amid diminishing prospects. Putnam tells the tale of lessening opportunity through poignant life stories of rich and poor kids from cities and suburbs across the country, drawing on a formidable body of research done especially for this book. Our Kids is a rare combination of individual testimony and rigorous evidence. Putnam provides a disturbing account of the American dream that should initiate a deep examination of the future of our country.

Our kids : The American dream in crisis

The Tumbleweed Society: Working and Caring in an Age of InsecurityThe Tumbleweed Society: Working and Caring in an Age of Insecurity, by PughAllison J.New York: Oxford University Press, 2015. 262 pp. $27.95 cloth. ISBN: 9780199957712.

Loving a "defiant" AI companion? The gender performance and ethics of social exchange robots in simulated intimate interactions

People often feel distressed at work, but expressing distress can have substantial negative consequences for employees: observers perceive employees who express distress as less competent and in co...

Managing Perceptions of Distress at Work: Reframing Emotion as Passion

As artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled social robots continue to enter our lifeworlds, we will need to grapple with challenges to assumptions about our relationship to and even with these technological objects. This essay works at the intersection of social robotics, legal studies, and human–machine communication to explore the concept of ownership in human–machine relations. In particular, we draw on more-than-human approaches to ask: To what extent should (need) we retire the concept of ownership in the context of AI-enabled social robots? With a particular emphasis on companion robots, we explore alternatives to the ownership modality by investigating concepts such as personhood, a degrees-of-relationship perspective, and a situational approach to understanding human–robot relationships. The goal is to re-imagine human–robot relationships beyond legal confinements by engaging a pragmatic perspective that supplements existing philosophical approaches. We conclude the paper by discussing practical implications of our proposed perspective. 

Beyond ownership: Human–robot relationships between property and personhood

Sex robots and personality: It is more about sex than robots

Thinking of passionate people typically brings to mind their vivacious expressions. Prior research has shown that such outward manifestations of passion are often met with increased admiration and support by others. But not everyone may express their passion so animatedly. Drawing on personality research, we argue that vivacious expressions of passion capture only a narrow set of passion expressions: those characteristic of extraversion. We suggest that passion is also expressed in ways more aligned with introversion. Based on emerging sociological perspectives, we subsequently propose that introverted expressions of passion are rewarded less social worth than extraverted expressions of passion. We provide empirical support across four studies with full-time employees (N=1,060), including a study of subordinate-supervisor pairs. Our theory and results highlight that interpersonal effects of passion depend on how passion is expressed, whereby those who express their passion extravertedly—but not introvertedly—are more likely to reach higher organizational echelons.

/pdf/quiet-fires-fail-to-impress-introverted-expressions-of-26yct54s4x.pdf

Quiet Fires Fail to Impress: Introverted Expressions of Passion Receive Less Social Worth

Effective collaboration is essential and ubiquitous in the modern workplace, whether between teammates, managers and their subordinates, or mentors and their mentees. All of these situations bring together individuals with diverse experiences and specialized skills who need to work together to achieve shared goals in performance and development. While collaboration would seem like an ideal environment for individuals to grow and learn, it also brings unique tensions that can undermine not only learning, but group success. In this symposium, we will explore the promises and challenges that collaboration presents for performance and learning, focusing on how group performance and individual learning can be easily helped or hindered by tensions that reside at the individual and collective levels. These papers provide new insights and tools for organizations to foster both performance and learning outcomes from collaborations, so that organizations can help individuals and teams reach their full potential. Familiar Faces in New Places: How Pre-Existing Relationships Affect Individual and Team Performance Presenter: Emma Zhao; U. of Virginia - McIntire School of Commerce Presenter: Catherine Shea; Carnegie Mellon U. - Tepper School of Business Presenter: Seth Li; William and Mary, Mason School of Business Paying it Forward: How Previous Protégé Experiences Contribute to Social Class Gaps in Mentorship Presenter: Kathy Vo; Emory U., Goizueta Business School Presenter: Andrea Dittmann; Emory U., Goizueta Business School Leader Care as a Relational Driver for Employee Learning and Development Presenter: Grace Cormier; Harvard Business School Presenter: Ting Zhang; Harvard Business School Presenter: Bradley R. Staats; U. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Presenter: Francesca Gino; Harvard Business School Crooked Teams: Coordination for Deviant Purposes Presenter: Marlys K. Christianson; U. of Toronto Presenter: Katherine Ann DeCelles; U. of Toronto Presenter: Rebecca Hinds; Stanford U. The Takeover Toll: When Taking Over for Teammates Hurts Task Performance Presenter: David Levari; Harvard Business School Presenter: Adam Mastroianni; Columbia Business School Presenter: Jacob Verrey; Harvard U. Presenter: Daniel Gilbert; Harvard U. 

The Promise and Perils of Collaboration for Performance and Learning

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Sex robots and personality: It is more about sex than robots

Quiet Fires Fail to Impress: Introverted Expressions of Passion Receive Less Social Worth

The Promise and Perils of Collaboration for Performance and Learning