The term photonic crystals appears because of the analogy between electron waves in crystals and the light waves in artificial periodic dielectric structures. During the recent years the investigation of one-, two-and three-dimensional periodic structures has attracted a widespread attention of the world optics community because of great potentiality of such structures in advanced applied optical fields. The interest in periodic structures has been stimulated by the fast development of semiconductor technology that now allows the fabrication of artificial structures, whose period is comparable with the wavelength of light in the visible and infrared ranges.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/6354/16969/00781867.pdf

Photonic crystals

Metasurfaces: From microwaves to visible

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction History Classification of Leaky‐Wave Antennas Physics of Leaky Waves Radiation Properties of One‐Dimensional Leaky‐Wave Antennas Radiation Properties of Two‐Dimensional Leaky‐Wave Antennas Conclusions Acknowledgment References

Leaky‐Wave Antennas

In this work, we investigate the response of epsilon-near-zero metamaterials and plasmonic materials to electromagnetic source excitation. The use of these media for tailoring the phase of radiation pattern of arbitrary sources is proposed and analyzed numerically and analytically for some canonical geometries. In particular, the possibility of employing planar layers, cylindrical shells, or other more complex shapes made of such materials in order to isolate two regions of space and to tailor the phase pattern in one region, fairly independent of the excitation shape present in the other region, is demonstrated with theoretical arguments and some numerical examples. Physical insights into the phenomenon are also presented and discussed together with potential applications of the phenomenon.

/pdf/epsilon-near-zero-metamaterials-and-electromagnetic-sources-uevmz3yqua.pdf

Epsilon-near-zero metamaterials and electromagnetic sources: Tailoring the radiation phase pattern

This paper gives a basic review and a summary of recent developments for leaky-wave antennas (LWAs). An LWA uses a guiding structure that supports wave propagation along the length of the structure, with the wave radiating or “leaking” continuously along the structure. Such antennas may be uniform, quasi-uniform, or periodic. After reviewing the basic physics and operating principles, a summary of some recent advances for these types of structures is given. Recent advances include structures that can scan to endfire, structures that can scan through broadside, structures that are conformal to surfaces, and structures that incorporate power recycling or include active elements. Some of these novel structures are inspired by recent advances in the metamaterials area.

Leaky-Wave Antennas

Electromagnetic Shielding

Modal properties of layered metamaterials

Analytical expressions are presented for the intraband conductivity tensor of graphene that includes spatial dispersion for arbitrarily wave-vector values and the presence of a nonzero Fermi energy. The conductivity tensor elements are derived from the semiclassical Boltzmann transport equation under both the relaxation-time approximation and the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook model (which allows for an extra degree of freedom to enforce number conservation). The derived expressions are based on linear electron dispersion near the Dirac points, and extend previous results that assumed small wave-vector values; these are shown to be inadequate for the very slow waves expected on graphene nanoribbons. The new expressions are also compared to results obtained by numericalintegrationoverthefirstBrillouinzoneusingtheexact(tight-binding)electrondispersionrelation.Very good agreement is found between the new analytical expressions and the exact numerical results. Furthermore, a comparison with the longitudinal random-phase conductivity is also made. It is shown analytically that these new expressions lead to the correct value of the quantum capacitance of a graphene sheet and that ignoring spatial dispersion leads to serious errors in the propagation properties of fundamental modes on graphene nanoribbons.

Semiclassical spatially dispersive intraband conductivity tensor and quantum capacitance of graphene

Dr. R. Araneo , Dr. G. Lovat DIAEE–Electrical Engineering Division “Sapienza” University of Rome Via Eudossiana 18, 00184, Rome, Italy Dr. P. Burghignoli Department of Information Engineering Electronics and Telecommunications “Sapienza” University of Rome Via Eudossiana 18, 00184, Rome, Italy Dr. C. alconi FDepartment of Electronic Engineering University of Tor Vergata Via del Politecnico 1, 00133, Rome, Italy E-mail: falconi@eln.uniroma2.it Dr. C. alconi F CNR IDASC Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00133 Rome, Italy

/pdf/piezo-semiconductive-quasi-1d-nanodevices-with-or-without-3mbnf1v648.pdf

Piezo-semiconductive quasi-1d nanodevices with or without anti-symmetry

An equivalent circuit for the analysis of the interaction between an electromagnetic field and a thin graphene sheet is derived, based on a local anisotropic model of the graphene conductivity, valid at frequencies below the THz range. Due to the anisotropic properties, the equivalent circuit is a four-port network which couples the fundamental TE and TM polarizations. The possible effects of electrostatic and/or magnetostatic bias are included and the equivalent circuit is next used to investigate the shielding properties of graphene layers against impinging plane waves. While the possibility of tuning the graphene conductivity leads to interesting properties of electronic control of shielding perfomance, the proposed equivalent circuit represents a very simple tool for the relevant analysis and design.

Equivalent Circuit for Electromagnetic Interaction and Transmission Through Graphene Sheets

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