In a navigation device in accordance with the invention, user profiles may be stored and used to navigate a user who may be driving in a vehicle, on foot, or in other mode of transportation. Each user profile corresponds to one of the user's personae. For example, the user business profile corresponding to the user's business persona may be different from the user personal profile corresponding to the user's personal persona. For instance, the user business profile may include fine-dining type restaurants for business meetings while the user personal profile may instead include fast-food type restaurants for personal dining. The inventive navigation device provides the user with a navigated route, together with information concerning the favorite facilities and events surrounding the navigated route, which satisfy the preferences in a selected user profile. In accordance with an aspect of the invention, blockages may also be established using the device to avoid selected areas, e.g., high crime areas, in the navigated route, or to block transmission of selected information concerning, e.g., uninteresting facilities and events, to the inventive navigation device.

Technique for effective navigation based on user preferences

A location tagged data provision and display system. A personal communication device (PCD) with electromagnetic communication capability has a GPS receiver and a display. The 10 PCD requests maps and location tagged data from data providers and other for display on the PCD. The data providers respond to requests by using searching and sorting schemes to interrogate data bases and then automatically transmitting data responsive to the requests to the requesting PCD.

Personal communication system to send and receive voice data positioning information

The invention provides a method and system for providing route guidance and other information from a base unit to a remote unit in response to a request from the remote unit. A query is formatted at the remote unit, the query including the request, and is transmitted from the remote unit to the base unit. Requested route guidance information is calculated at the base unit in response to the query, using a large up-to-date database located at the base unit. A response to the query is formatted at the base unit, the response including route guidance information. The response is then transmitted from the base unit to the remote unit for display. The transmission is made in a compact form through the use of maneuver arms and combined maneuver arms and through the use of tokenized forms. A maneuver arm represents a road at an intersection, for depiction on a display, by one or two endpoint coordinates. The tokenized forms are expanded at the remote unit into textual driving instructions for each of one or more languages. In addition, the amount of information available at a remote unit can be increased by providing the remote unit with information from the base unit which is not adequately covered by any databases on-board the remote unit.

Electronic navigation system and method

A warning system automatically alerts a vehicle operator to the fact that the next available exit should be taken for a desired or necessary service such as refueling. The system includes a source of information providing the current vehicle location as well as a source of information identifying the location of available selected service locations closest to each of the next two exits of a limited access highway. The system in a preferred embodiment includes a source of information indicating the available range of the vehicle (distance to empty or D.T.E.) and a microprocessor for calculating when the driver should take the next available exit to reach the desired service. The system further includes a suitable alarm which may be an audible alarm, a visual alarm or both to alert the vehicle operator that the next available exit should be taken.

Last exit warning system

A typical multi-lane toll plaza environment has roadside collection stations (20b, 20c, 20d). Each of the roadside collection stations (20b, 20c, 20d) communicates over a high-speed short-range microwave or RF communication link (22) with in-vehicle units (34) located in either a single vehicle in its respective lane or in plural vehicles in their lane while the vehicle or vehicles pass through the RF footprint (24) of one of the roadside collection stations (20b, 20c, 20d). The radiation footprint (24) is a function of the antennae in the roadside collection stations (20b, 20c, 20d) and in the in-vehicle units (34). For typical antenna footprints and velocities, only a few milliseconds of time are necessary to complete a transaction for a vehicle.

Automatic real-time highway toll collection from moving vehicles

A vehicle and destination guidance system is proposed wherein a destination can be input by entering the destination and the street in clear language into a vehicle device. The vehicle device is in communication with a beacon device in which, in addition to the various destinations, street names and the associated coordinates are stored. On demand by the vehicle device, the beacon device selects the associated destination coordinates and transmits them to the vehicle device. Additional data can be transmitted in the transmitted telegram which, for example, contain traffic information or street maps. The system is also usable for automatic toll deductions.

Vehicle guidance system using beacon transmissions of destination data

Separator shields are provided between the substrates subject to sputtering and the boundaries between cathodes or between portions of the cathodes exposing different materials to be sputtered by a glow discharge. The shields extend to a few millimeters' spacing from the cathode and are at a potential at or near ground potential within ± 50 volts of the potential of the substrates. A common rear and side shield and a common electrical feed-through connection is provided for the cathode structure or cathodes. The substrates may be passed repeatedly through the sputtering zone or, in a circular configuration, can be moved in a circular path, so as to facilitate alloy-type coatings by producing very thin layers in alternation. The shielding reduces masking of one material by another on the cathode by cross-sputtering, thereby maintaining close to constancy the sputtering rates of the different materials for up to several hundred hours of operation. The cathode base plate of a composite cathode can be repeatedly used in successive operations with new material to be sputtered.

Apparatus for concurrently sputtering different materials

The invention concerns a method used for terrestrially transmitting at least one digital signal, in particular a digital radio and/or television broadcasting signal. According to this method, the at least one digital signal, whose data volume is reduced by coding, is preferably modulated by the OFDM method and transposed to the frequency position of at least one channel (31), which is adjacent at least one occupied or unoccupied channel (30, 32) for transmitting an analogue television broadcasting signal. The digital signal is then emitted in this frequency position. In this respect, the dynamic range and amplitude of the spectrum (41) of the at least one digital signal must be less than a predetermined value, which is far lower than the dynamic range and amplitude of the image carrier of the spectrum (35, 36) of the analogue television broadcasting signal, such that only slight inter and cross-modulation occurs with other digital signals or with analogue signals in other channels. The spectrum (41) of the at least one digital signal is transmitted separated from at least one adjacent channel (30, 32) by a protective frequency spacing (45). When a plurality of digital signals are transmitted in the at least one channel (31), the frequency ranges of at least two digital signals are transmitted separated from each other by a protective frequency spacing (50).

Method of terrestrially transmitting digital signals

A radio receiver, in particular a vehicle radio receiver, is proposed, which is able to display or output acoustically, traffic news which is contained in digital signals. At least the data memory for the decoding of the digital traffic news and of the display or the output in the correct language is contained on a chip card, which can be inserted into the radio receiver. This makes it possible that, on the one hand, a linguistically adapted output of traffic news is possible, and, on the other hand, in the event of changes in the road network, a simple adaptation without modification of the radio receiver is made possible. Finally, it facilitates the use of the radio receiver worldwide, since the chip card allows regionally specific or country specific local codes to be taken into account.

Radio receiver, in particular a vehicle radio receiver

Es wird ein Fahrzeugleit- und Zielfuhrungssystem vorgeschlagen, bei dem ein Fahrziel durch Eingabe des Zielortes und der Strase in ein Fahrzeuggerat im Klartext eingebbar ist. Das Fahrzeuggerat steht mit einem Bakengerat in Verbindung, in dem zu den verschiedenen Zielorten die Strasennamen sowie die dazugehorigen Koordinatenpaare gespeichert sind. Auf Anforderung des Fahrzeuggerates sucht das Bakengerat die zugehorigen Zielkoordinaten heraus und ubertragt sie an das Fahrzeuggerat. In dem ubertragenen Telegramm sind weitere Daten ubertragbar, die beispielsweise Verkehrsinformationen oder Strasenplane enthalten. Auch ist das System fur eine automatische Mautabrechnung verwendbar.

Fahrzeugleit- und zielführungssystem

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