The Philippines has historically been known to have one of the most robust and politically active civil societies in the world. With a deep affinity with democracy, civil society became a reliable bulwark against abuses of power and endemic corruption. However, it came under attack under the populist, illiberal Duterte administration (2016–2022) through intimidation, persecution, massive disinformation, and even outright violence. This article examines why Philippine civil society – despite its attempted pushback against democratic erosion – was generally neutralized by Duterte. Apart from its weakened state given polarizing elite conflicts in the 2000s, Duterte engaged in executive assaults against civil society through the four strategies of exploiting divisions within civil society; securitizing public; regulating civic space to weed out opposition voices; and controlling the media environment. This article concludes by examining the implications of a weakened civil society and prospects for its reinvigoration under a restored Marcos dynasty, which won the 2022 Philippine presidential elections. 

Bowed, Bent, & Broken: Duterte's Assaults on Civil Society in the Philippines

This article draws its analysis from the results of an assessment conducted in October 2022 of the May 2022 presidential election. The 2022 presidential election in the Philippines is an historical turning point not only for marking the return of the Marcos family to the country's highest office but also due to the initial claim of electoral fraud that raised concerns about the integrity of automated polling in the country. In the context of the May 2022 election, our findings do not identify any clear demographic pattern linked to a lack of confidence or skepticism regarding the credibility of the election results. Instead, compelling evidence indicates that the belief in a rigged election is limited to a specific subset of voters aligned with the geographical support base of a defeated presidential candidate. The findings contribute to nuancing electoral dynamics in the Philippines in a number of ways. First, they dispel the myth of an impaired election floated by media and other international watchdogs immediately after the election. Second, the suggest that as citizens navigate their democratic responsibilities, their regional identity becomes a lens through which the fairness, transparency, and legitimacy of the electoral system are ultimately contested. 

Winners always cheat? Regional identity and the myth of a rigged 2022 Philippine presidential election

Contemporary Southeast Asia (CSEA) is one of the ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute"s flagship publications. Now in its fourth decade of publication, CSEA has succeeded in building up an international reputation as one of Southeast Asia"s premier academic journals. The aim of the peer reviewed journal is to provide subscribers with up to date and in-depth analysis of critical trends and developments in Southeast Asia and the wider Asia-Pacific region. The primary focus of the journal is on issues related to domestic politics in Southeast Asian countries, regional architecture and community building, military, strategic and security affairs, conflict zones and relations among the Great Powers. CSEA publishes authoritative, insightful and original contributions from scholars, think-tank analysts, journalists and policy-makers from across the globe. The Editorial Committee is guided by the advice of the International Advisory Committee which is composed of eminent scholars from Asia, the United States, Australia and Europe. 

Roundtable: Philippine Elections 2022

Abstract:This article examines Lamberto Avellana's Anak Dalita (LVN Pictures, 1956) as a crime melodrama that places Intramuros, Manila's historic walled city, within the cinematic urban geography of film noir. It probes the film's representation of the transformation of Intramuros from a colonial city of cathedrals and mansions to a post-war ruin associated with squatters and urban poverty. Situating Anak Dalita within the context of the reconfiguration of Manila's urban space in the two decades that followed the Second World War, this essay interprets the film's narrative about a disabled veteran's quest to regain his self-worth in Intramuros as an allegory of post-war urban rehabilitation. The looban (meaning interior space, interiority and a gathering of wills) is proposed as a conceptual tool to critique Anak Dalita's solutions to the squatter problem in Intramuros.

In Memory of Professor Josef Silverstein (1922–2021)

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Roundtable: Philippine Elections 2022

In Memory of Professor Josef Silverstein (1922–2021)