https://zenodo.org/record/1258680/files/article.pdf

The influences of temperature and microstructure on the tensile properties of a CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy

Fermions--elementary particles such as electrons--are classified as Dirac, Majorana or Weyl. Majorana and Weyl fermions had not been observed experimentally until the recent discovery of condensed matter systems such as topological superconductors and semimetals, in which they arise as low-energy excitations. Here we propose the existence of a previously overlooked type of Weyl fermion that emerges at the boundary between electron and hole pockets in a new phase of matter. This particle was missed by Weyl because it breaks the stringent Lorentz symmetry in high-energy physics. Lorentz invariance, however, is not present in condensed matter physics, and by generalizing the Dirac equation, we find the new type of Weyl fermion. In particular, whereas Weyl semimetals--materials hosting Weyl fermions--were previously thought to have standard Weyl points with a point-like Fermi surface (which we refer to as type-I), we discover a type-II Weyl point, which is still a protected crossing, but appears at the contact of electron and hole pockets in type-II Weyl semimetals. We predict that WTe2 is an example of a topological semimetal hosting the new particle as a low-energy excitation around such a type-II Weyl point. The existence of type-II Weyl points in WTe2 means that many of its physical properties are very different to those of standard Weyl semimetals with point-like Fermi surfaces.

/pdf/type-ii-weyl-semimetals-3gz387jrsu.pdf

Type-II Weyl semimetals.

This paper presents a summary of the FactSage thermochemical software and databases. FactSage was introduced in 2001 and is the fusion of the FACT-Win/F∗A∗C∗T and ChemSage/SOLGASMIX thermochemical packages that were founded over 25 years ago. The FactSage package runs on a PC operating under Microsoft Windows® and consists of a series of information, database, calculation and manipulation modules that enable one to access and manipulate pure substances and solution databases. With the various modules one can perform a wide variety of thermochemical calculations and generate tables, graphs and figures of interest to chemical and physical metallurgists, chemical engineers, corrosion engineers, inorganic chemists, geochemists, ceramists, electrochemists, environmentalists, etc. In this article emphasis is placed on the calculation and manipulation of phase diagrams. However the reputation of FactSage has been established mainly in the field of complex chemical equilibria and process simulation where the software has unique capabilities. Some of these capabilities are also shown in this paper.

/pdf/factsage-thermochemical-software-and-databases-3vy2lkbuwc.pdf

FactSage thermochemical software and databases

Simple rules for the understanding of Heusler compounds

Interpretation of X-ray Powder Diffraction Patterns . By H. Lipson and H. Steeple. Pp. viii + 335 + 3 plates. (Mac-millan: London; St Martins Press: New York, May 1970.) £4.

X-Ray Diffraction

Thermodynamics and phase diagrams of materials diffusion in crystalline solids statistical theories of phase transitions homogeneous second phase precipitation transformations involving interfacial diffusion diffusionless transformations spinodal decomposition high pressure phase transformations atomic ordering solidification.

Phase Transformations in Materials

Formation and characterisation of MoSe2 for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 based solar cells

The temporal power laws describing the coarsening process in a concentrated nonideal solid solution are derived. It is shown that the interfacial energy [sigma] can be determined in such a system from measurement of the coarsening kinetics, if an isothermal stress-free two-phase mixture is assumed. In the derivation, a modified Gibbs-Thomson equation is used and the effects of nonideal solution thermodynamics and nonzero solubilities of solute in each phase on the flux conservation condition at the interface are taken into account. The resulting rate constant is then used to analyze the coarsening process of Ni[sub 2]Al precipitates in a homogeneous Ni-Al matrix. A model for the solution thermodynamics of the matrix phase is used to compute the various thermodynamic factors and phase compositions necessary to evaluate the rate constant. The resulting value of [sigma] is approximately an order of magnitude smaller than derived on the basis of the assumptions used in the classical theory by Lifshitz and Slyozov, and Wagner. However, it is possible to extract only an approximate value of [sigma] from the experimental data due to an unfortunately large uncertainty in the value of the interdiffusion coefficient present during the coarsening experiments.

Ostwald ripening in concentrated alloys

Magnetomechanical experiments were performed with a ferromagnetic Ni–Mn–Ga single crystal consisting of thermoelastic orthorhombic martensitic phase at room temperature. The crystal was deformed in uniaxial compression along 〈100〉 with an orthogonal magnetic field and without a magnetic field. The sample deforms due to motion of twin boundaries. When compressed with a magnetic field, twinning occurs at higher stress than without a magnetic field, and the twinning is reversible upon unloading. The stress–strain curves exhibit two plateaus which are related to two different twinning systems, namely (110)[110] and (011)[011]. During cyclic experiments in a rotating magnetic field, the magnetic-field-induced strain increases from initially 6% to 9.7%. The latter value was repeatedly measured upon more than 1000 rotations of the field. The increase of magnetic-field-induced strain during magnetomechanical cycling is related to a transition from combined partial (110)[110] and (011)[011] twinning to complete (101)[101] twinning. The magnetic anisotropy constants are obtained from an analysis of the magnetomechanical properties.

Large cyclic magnetic-field-induced deformation in orthorhombic (14M) Ni–Mn–Ga martensite

/pdf/journal-of-applied-crystallography-turns-forty-2dfg8cvn77.pdf

Journal of Applied Crystallography turns forty

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