Purpose To update the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guideline for antiemetics in oncology. Methods A systematic review of the medical literature was completed to inform this update. MEDLINE, the Cochrane Collaboration Library, and meeting materials from ASCO and the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer were all searched. Primary outcomes of interest were complete response and rates of any vomiting or nausea. Results Thirty-seven trials met prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria for this systematic review. Two systematic reviews from the Cochrane Collaboration were identified; one surveyed the pediatric literature. The other compared the relative efficacy of the 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists. Recommendations

/pdf/antiemetics-american-society-of-clinical-oncology-clinical-4x31e40nja.pdf

Antiemetics: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update

Despite considerable progress in the management of chemotherapy-associated nausea and vomiting, these symptoms remain among the most feared by patients beginning cytotoxic chemotherapy. 5-HT3 antagonists have decreased the frequency of postchemotherapy vomiting. However, emesis remains a problem for a significant minority of patients. In addition, nausea continues to be a formidable challenge despite the better control of vomiting with current treatment options [1]. The relative likelihood of significant emesis in a given individual is dependent upon both patient- and treatment-related factors. Patient factors with predictive value for decreased emesis include heavy alcohol consumption and male sex [2]. A number of other factors including younger age [3], poor performance status [3], severe emesis during pregnancy [4], and susceptibility to motion sickness [5] have all been noted to be predictive of increased emesis with chemotherapy. Treatment-related factors include the intrinsic emetogenicity of the cytotoxic agent(s), the dose and schedule, treatment setting, as well as additive effects of combinations [6].

/pdf/chemotherapy-induced-nausea-and-vomiting-1a8ihxiowx.pdf

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

ASCO's update to its antiemetics guideline now includes an evaluation of evidence on complementary antiemetic therapy.

/pdf/antiemetics-american-society-of-clinical-oncology-clinical-3758r4ek8v.pdf

Purpose To update the 1999 American Society of Clinical Oncology guideline for antiemetics in oncology.

https://ascopubs.org/doi/pdf/10.1200/JCO.2006.06.9591

American Society of Clinical Oncology Guideline for Antiemetics in Oncology: Update 2006

Guideline update for MASCC and ESMO in the prevention of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: results of the Perugia consensus conference

Purpose This is the first study in which the NK1-receptor antagonist, aprepitant (APR), was evaluated for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) with moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. Patients and Methods Eligible breast cancer patients were naive to emetogenic chemotherapy and treated with cyclophosphamide ± doxorubicin or epirubicin. Patients were randomly assigned to either an aprepitant regimen (day 1, APR 125 mg, ondansetron (OND) 8 mg, and dexamethasone 12 mg before chemotherapy and OND 8 mg 8 hours later; days 2 through 3, APR 80 qd) or a control regimen (day 1, OND 8 mg and dexamethasone 20 mg before chemotherapy and OND 8 mg 8 hours later; days 2 through 3, OND 8 mg bid). Data on nausea, vomiting, and use of rescue medication were collected with a self-report diary. The primary efficacy end point was the proportion of patients with complete response, defined as no vomiting and no use of rescue therapy, during 120 hours after initiation of chemotherapy in cycle 1. The ...

/pdf/efficacy-and-tolerability-of-aprepitant-for-the-prevention-3ljheo9v9x.pdf

Efficacy and Tolerability of Aprepitant for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Patients With Breast Cancer After Moderately Emetogenic Chemotherapy

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Efficacy and Tolerability of Aprepitant for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Patients With Breast Cancer After Moderately Emetogenic Chemotherapy