An electrospray device, a liquid chromatography device and an electrospray-liquid chromatography system are disclosed. The electrospray device comprises a substrate defining a channel between an entrance orifice on an injection surface and an exit orifice on an ejection surface, a nozzle defined by a portion recessed from the ejection surface surrounding the exit orifice, and an electrode for application of an electric potential to the substrate to optimize and generate an electrospray; and, optionally, additional electrode(s) to further modify the electrospray. The liquid chromatography device comprises a separation substrate defining an introduction channel between an entrance orifice and a reservoir and a separation channel between the reservoir and an exit orifice, the separation channel being populated with separation posts perpendicular to the fluid flow; a cover substrate bonded to the separation substrate to enclose the reservoir and the separation channel adjacent the cover substrate; and, optionally, electrode(s) for application of a electric potential to the fluid. The exit orifice of the liquid chromatography device may be homogeneously interfaced with the entrance orifice of the electrospray device to form an integrated single system. An array of multiple systems may be fabricated in a single monolithic chip for rapid sequential fluid processing and generation of electrospray for subsequent analysis, such as by positioning the exit orifices of the electrospray devices near the sampling orifice of a mass spectrometer.

Integrated monolithic microfabricated electrospray and liquid chromatography system and method

An ink jet printhead includes a nonconductive substrate into which a plurality of tapered nozzle holes are formed with the wide hole area coincident with an ink entry side and with the marrow hole area coincident with an ink exit side, and with an ink reservoir mounted on the ink entry side. A metal layer covers the interior of each nozzle hole, and also provides an electrical control-signal conductor on the ink entry side for each metallized nozzle hole. The metal layer also provides a tubular metal extension for each metallized nozzle, these extensions extending a common distance beyond the ink exit side. A plurality of metal conductors may be provided on the ink exit side to facilitate nozzle control using signal-multiplexing techniques, or a field compensation electrode may be provided on the ink exit side.

Ink jet printhead and method of making

An ink refill system is provided for an ink jet printer having a print carriage that traverses across a print medium and is adapted to receive one or more ink jet cartridges. The ink refill system includes a disposable ink jet cartridge removably mountable in the print carriage and constructed as a self-contained unit that includes a print head and an ink supply container that stores a first quantity of liquid ink at a given subatmospheric pressure hydrodynamic condition. An ink reservoir external to the print carriage stores a second quantity of ink for replenishing the first quantity of ink in the ink supply container. Flexible supply tubing couples the ink reservoir to the ink supply container to supply ink from the second quantity of ink to the first quantity of ink during operation of the ink jet printer as the print carriage traverses across the print medium. A mechanism for refilling the ink supply container of the ink jet cartridge from the external ink reservoir during operation of the ink jet printer as the print carriage traverses across the print medium operates such that the refilling of the ink supply container is accomplished in a manner that preserves the negative pressure hydrodynamic condition of the ink jet cartridge.

Automatic ink refill system for disposable ink jet cartridges

A fluid ejection device includes groups of firing cells, sharing a common fire signal and a common address selection mechanism, each firing cell having a drop generator for ejecting fluid and a dynamic memory addressable by the common address selection mechanism. Circuitry interfaces with the firing cells to allow the capture of data during two consecutive select cycles, then firing of all cells during a third cycle.

Fluid ejection device

A method of manufacturing an ink jet printhead includes providing a substrate A doped layer is deposited on the substrate and is etched to create an array of nozzles on the substrate with a nozzle chamber in communication with each nozzle Planar monolithic deposition, lithographic and etching processes are used to form a thermoelastic bend actuator arranged in the nozzle chamber and being displaceable, when activated, towards the nozzle to effect ink ejection, at least that surface of the actuator facing a floor of the nozzle chamber being hydrophobic to facilitate the formation of an air bubble between the actuator and the floor

Method of manufacture of a planar thermoelastic bend actuator ink jet printer

In an ink jet printer, a print head comprises a front nozzle member having a front channel, a housing secured to the front nozzle member, and a rear nozzle member which defines with the housing a liquid chamber and further defines with the front nozzle member a laminar airflow chamber. The rear nozzle member has a forwardly projecting nozzle and a rear channel extending from the liquid chamber through the projecting nozzle in axial alignment with the front channel to form a meniscus at the front end. The airflow chamber is connected to an air supply for directing air to a point between the front and rear channels so that it creates a sharp pressure gradient along a path therebetween. A dead air region is created in a location adjacent the exit end of the rear channel to cause the meniscus to take a dome-like shape which is stabilized against vibrations and transients. An electric field gradient is established between the front channel and the meniscus to cause the latter to extend toward the front channel and expelled through the front channel. A portion of the front nozzle member is rendered liquid-repellant to prevent the field distribution from being seriously disturbed by an ink layer formed on it by stray liquid particles.

Ink jet printer and method for fabricating a nozzle member

A laser processing apparatus includes a plurality of optical fibers formed into a bundle which is shaped such as to efficiently divide a laser beam into a plurality of split beams and transmit the split beams to respective converging lenses to be focused to have a high energy density when incident on respective workpieces. The optical fibers are shaped such as to each have a sufficiently large value of minimum radius of curvature to ensure that a small angle of divergence is maintained for each of the beams emitted from the fibers, thereby ensuring that the converging lenses can be small and inexpensive.

Multiple split-beam laser processing apparatus generating an array of focused beams

In a nonimpact printer having a reciprocable printer head, ink is supplied to the head through a pair of identical, flexible conduits which are connected from first and second spaced apart outlets of an ink container. The container is not air tight with the outside so that it can act as a pressure absorber. Each of the first and second conduits have a sufficient length to allow the head to reciprocate along the length of a platen with end of each conduit moving therewith to cause pressure variations to occur in the conduits when the printer head varies its speed of movement. By virtue of the pressure absorbing action of the liquid container, the pressure variations are nullified and the printer head is supplied with constant pressure ink.

Ink supply system for nonimpact printers

PURPOSE:To enable high gradation recording from a low density range to a high density range to be performed simply at a high speed by a method wherein a size of an ink drop to be discharged is varied according to applied voltage, time and heating value by establishing an inside heating element of an ink nozzle and heating element electrodes at both its ends and by establishing a recording medium electrode at a rear side of a recording medium facing the ink nozzle. CONSTITUTION:When high voltage is applied between a heating element electrode 8 and a recording paper electrode 9, electrostatic force is generated, and ink 13 is attracted from a discharge opening of an ink nozzle 4 to adhere onto recording paper 10. An ink discharging amount, i.e. recording density is varied by controlling applied voltage value and applied time. Further, when voltage is applied to the heating element electrode 8, a heating element 7 is heated. Adjacent ink 13 is heated to generate a bubble 14. The ink 13 is pushed out from the discharge opening of the ink nozzle 4 by bubble pressure to adhere to the recording paper as an ink drop 15. Electrostatic force is used for low density recording, and both electrostatic force and bubble pressure are used for middle or high density recording. Since an ink amount near the discharge opening is insufficient at that time, the ink is discharged by each system at different time.

Ink jet printer.

In a nonimpact printer a device is provided for feeding a constant pressure fluid to a nonimpact printing head reciprocally movable to scan across a recording sheet. The feeding device is formed with a pair of identical first and second chambers connected respectively to first and second sections of a conduit through which the fluid is supplied from a source to the device. Fluid communication is established between the first and second chambers by a connecting channel which is smaller in cross section than the cross section of the first and second chambers and is connected to the printing head through a narrow passageway.

Device for feeding constant pressure fluid

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