Predictive modeling of regional carbon storage dynamics in response to land use/land cover changes: An InVEST-based analysis

Carbon stocks vary in reference to the models used, socioecological factors and agroforestry practices in Central Ethiopia

Biochemistry, the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms or chemistry of living matter, deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules. Biochemical indices traverses genetics and molecular biology with emerging novel roles for RNA.

/pdf/biochemical-indices-in-ecology-a-catalyst-in-environmental-bc55blhc0t.pdf

Biochemical Indices in Ecology: A Catalyst in Environmental Study

Abstract The carbon stock, biomass, and CO 2 emissions in woody species play crucial roles in understanding and managing ecosystems. Understanding these aspects is crucial for sustainable forest management, conservation, and mitigating the impact of woody species on global carbon dynamics and climate change. This study examined the nexus between carbon stock, biomass, and CO 2 emission of woody plant composition in disturbed and undisturbed areas in Southwestern Nigeria. The study involved the random establishment of plots in the disturbed and undisturbed areas and, in each plot, the woody plants were enumerated and identified to the species level. The results showed that total biomass (102.645 Mg ha -1 ), total carbon stock (51.323 Mg C ha -1 ), and total CO 2 emission (188.354 Mg C ha -1 ) values of tree species in undisturbed plots were higher than the values of total biomass (70.768 Mg ha- 1 ), total carbon stock (35.384 Mg C ha -1 ), and total CO 2 emission (129.859 Mg C ha -1 ) recorded in disturbed plots. The results also revealed that total biomass (0.123 Mg ha -1 ), total carbon stock (0.061 Mg C ha -1 ), and total CO 2 emission (0.225 Mg C ha -1 ) values of shrub species recorded in disturbed plots were higher than values of total biomass (0.067 Mg ha -1 ), total carbon stock (0.034 Mg C ha -1 ) and total CO 2 content (0.124 Mg C ha -1 ) recorded in undisturbed plots, respectively. The findings showed that in undisturbed and disturbed plots of shrubs, biomass, carbon and CO 2 emissions have a strong positive correlation of 1.000**. While biomass, carbon, and CO 2 emission have a very strong positive correlation (0.999**) in undisturbed plots of trees, the biomass, carbon, and CO 2 emission have moderate to strong positive correlations (0.458** to 0.974**) in disturbed plots of the tree. The study concluded that while biomass, carbon stock, and CO 2 emission values of tree species were higher in undisturbed plots than in disturbed plots, the biomass, carbon stock, and CO 2 emission values of shrub species were lower in undisturbed plots than in disturbed plots. It also concluded that the main purpose of establishing reserve forests is not totally achieved as human activities occurring in reserve forests still contribute to the increment of climate change. 

Nexus between carbon stock, biomass, and CO2 emission of woody species composition: evidence from Ise-Ekiti Forest Reserve, Southwestern Nigeria

Present study has been taken up to monitor the ambient air quality status of Jammu city. The data for air quality parameters (sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, respirable suspended particulate matter, suspended particulate matter) has been collected for two heavy traffic areas vis. Satwari-Bikram Chowk road (Site-II) and Kunjwani-Narwal Byepass (Site-III) and compared with a reference location with low traffic area i.e. University of Jammu Campus (Site-I), for a period of two years i.e. December 2013- November 2015. Results revealed that sites- II and III recorded higher concentration of all the studied pollutants than Site-I. Further, all the sites registered higher concentrations of all the pollutants during winter season for both the years, while during monsoon season, the levels have been recorded to be least for all the sites. Air quality indices (AQI), computed from the selected data, revealed Sites-II and III to have moderate to severe air quality status whereas light to moderate air quality status have been recorded for Site-I.

https://environcj.in/wp-content/uploads/issues/2017/3/ECJ-177-185.pdf

Ambient air quality status of Jammu city

Abstract The west central Indian forest ecosystems strongly contribute to livelihood of local human communities as well as climate change mitigation. However, due to the lack of accurate biomass equations and predictive tools, the contribution of these forests towards carbon stock and sequestration remains poorly recognized. At present due to some developmental and mining activities these forests face huge anthropogenic pressure. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to estimate the biomass and carbon stock of forest tree species of west central India to provide baseline information. It will also be useful for measuring the changes after the intervention as well as for future management and conservation. The non-destructive allometric equation approach was adopted to estimate the biomass, carbon stock and carbon dioxide equivalent from total 28 plots of 0.1 ha at seven sites of dry deciduous forests of west central India. In the present study, the results of biomass and carbon stock were calculated by employing two different allometric models. The model with tree diameter and wood specific gravity gave higher estimations of total plant biomass (123.39 – 65.86 Mg ha −1 ) and carbon stock (58.61—31.28 Mg ha −1 ) as compared with model having only tree diameter (108.84 – 55.91 Mg ha −1 ) and (51.70 -26.55 Mg ha −1 ), respectively. We conclude that the allometric model with tree diameter and wood specific gravity was found best suited for these forests. The results also showed the positive relation between tree diversity, basal area and aboveground biomass and carbon stock. 

/pdf/forest-carbon-stock-and-biomass-estimation-in-west-central-5v26o4oj.pdf

Forest carbon stock and biomass estimation in West Central India using two allometric models

Trees naturally clean the environment and help in reducing air pollution. The selection of suitable tree species depends on the response of trees to air pollution and can be understood by analyzing the factors that determine resistance and susceptibility. In order to evaluate the resistance and susceptibility level of plant species to air pollutants, twelve different plant species i.e. Polyalthia longifolia, Nerium indicum, Tabernamontana divariata, Cassia saimia, plumeria rubra, leucaena leucocephala, Azadirachta indica, Zizipus zizuba, Ficus religeosa, Boughanvellia spectabilis, Annona squamosa & Alstonia Scholaris was taken from Residential (S1), Commercial (SII) & Industrial (SIII) area of the city as this flora is very much common to the Jalgaon city & is planted on the roadside. The quality of air with respect to SPM, SO2 and NO2 has been also assessed on respective sites to see its effect on biochemical parameters of the leaves i.e. pH, total water content, chlorophyll and ascorbic acid and evaluate the air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of various plants. It was concluded that Alstonia scholaris (31.29) and Polyalthia longifolia (22.78) have very high APTI value over control so these are considered as high tolerant tree species. Bougainvillea spectabilis (22.91) and Tabernamontana divariata (22.62) have slightly more APTI value over control so these are considered as moderately tolerant tree species. Ficus religeosa (21.63) and Plumeria rubra (22.51) have less APTI value than control, so these are sensitive species respectively. The present studies are therefore handy for future planning. The plant species which are more sensitive act as biological indicators of air pollution. Also, the estimation of four important biochemical parameters gave more accurate and reliable results than based on a single biochemical parameter.

Air quality status and its effect on biochemical parameters of roadside trees species in Jalgaon city, Maharashtra.

Lipofibromatous Hamartoma of the Median Nerve

Rain-fed agriculture productivity is crucial for food security and economy of the state. To characterize the fertility status of soils under dry-land agriculture in the semi-arid regions, 110 soil samples were collected from Nagulapally-Konapur Model Watershed area in Medak district of Telangana to diagnose the deficiencies of macronutrients like Potassium, Sodium and Sulphur and micronutrients like Boron and Zinc. A summary of the chemical analysis of soil samples covering the watershed area showed that the farmer's fields sampled had a wide range in pH and EC and they were low-to-moderate in organic carbon, generally adequate in exchangeable potassium and sodium. However, the most revealing results on soil chemical analysis were the widespread deficiencies of levels of extractable phosphorous (P), sulphur (S), boron (B) and zinc (Zn) in the samples. GIS mapping of the estimated fertility parameters was carried out using Arc GIS software to understand the occurrence of deficiencies of micronutrients over the watershed area under study. On-farm participatory trials were conducted for selected rainfed crops to study the impact of balanced nutrition (BN) on crop productivity over farmers practise (FP).

/pdf/fertility-status-of-soils-and-improved-crop-productivity-1q411q95lp.pdf

Fertility Status of Soils and Improved Crop Productivity through Balanced Nutrition in Rainfed Watershed of India - a GIS based Study

Tambapura area is a slum area of Jalgaon city, characterized by a densely populated area marked by heavy crowding, dirty run-down housing, poverty, and social disorganization. Large quantities of solid waste generated from the residences, commercial, municipal and hospitals are dumped in open land areas. Such dumping causes environmental pollution by deteriorating the ground water quality, encourage the breeding of disease-vector insects, animal scavengers and rodents resulting in spreading of air and water borne diseases. The present study was conducted to assess the health and hygiene conditions due to open solid waste dumping in Tambapura area. To carry out the study, the ground water samples were collected and analyzed for various physical, chemical and biological parameters to assess the contamination due to solid waste dumping. The health impacts were studied by systematic review of water borne and vector borne diseases that had affected adults and children’s in this region. The results reviewed that due to poor sanitation, unhygienic conditions and unsecured drinking water people of slum area are prone to much water borne and vector borne diseases.

http://www.isca.in/IJENS/Archive/v4/i12/5.ISCA-IRJEVS-2015-180.pdf

Assessment of Ground Water Quality, Health, Sanitation and Hygiene Conditions in slum area of Jalgaon City, Maharashtra, India

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