The present invention provides methods and devices for implementing a Low Latency Ethernet (“LLE”) solution, also referred to herein as a Data Center Ethernet (“DCE”) solution, which simplifies the connectivity of data centers and provides a high bandwidth, low latency network for carrying Ethernet and storage traffic. Some aspects of the invention involve transforming FC frames into a format suitable for transport on an Ethernet. Some preferred implementations of the invention implement multiple virtual lanes (“VLs”) in a single physical connection of a data center or similar network. Some VLs are “drop” VLs, with Ethernet-like behavior, and others are “no-drop” lanes with FC-like behavior. Some preferred implementations of the invention provide guaranteed bandwidth based on credits and VL. Active buffer management allows for both high reliability and low latency while using small frame buffers. Preferably, the rules for active buffer management are different for drop and no drop VLs.

Fibre channel over Ethernet

Increased usage of network links is provided and smaller forwarding tables are required. A combination of STP and Multipath methods may be implemented in a network. Frames may be forwarded between switches not only according to MAC addresses, but also according to switch IDs and local IDs. Switch IDs do not need to be globally unique, but should be unique within a particular network. Local IDs need only be unique within a particular switch. Some preferred implementations allow frames to be delivered in order to devices requiring in-order delivery. Preferably, core switches need only learn the switch IDs of each core switch and each edge switch, and the appropriate exit port(s) corresponding to each switch. Preferably, the forwarding tables of each edge switch indicate the addresses of each device attached to that edge switch, the address of each device that is in communication with an attached device and the address of every other switch in the network.

Forwarding table reduction and multipath network forwarding

A rack-switch (10) including a rack and a plurality of blade server chassis (58-1 to 58-n) within the rack. Each blade server chassis (58) has a plurality of server blades (22) in communication with at least one switch (14). Each switch (14) includes a plurality of external ports (22). At least two of the external ports (22) of each switch (14) ar inter-switch link (ISL) ports (22). The rack-switch (10) also includes a plurality of inter-switch links. Each inter-switch link (22) electrically connects one ISL port of one of the switches (14) to one ISL port (22) of another of the switches (14). The plurality of inter-switch links (22) interconnects the switches (14) such that the switches are daisy chained hi a loop. The inter-switch links (22) convey Ethernet packets representing server-to-server communications between server blades (22) of different blade server chassis (58).

Blade Server System with at Least One Rack-Switch Having Multiple Switches Interconnected and Configured for Management and Operation as a Single Virtual Switch

The present invention provides improved methods and devices for managing network congestion. Preferred implementations of the invention allow congestion to be pushed from congestion points in the core of a network to reaction points, which may be edge devices, host devices or components thereof. Preferably, rate limiters shape individual flows of the reaction points that are causing congestion. Parameters of these rate limiters are preferably tuned based on feedback from congestion points, e.g., in the form of backward congestion notification (“BCN”) messages. In some implementations, such BCN messages include congestion change information and at least one instantaneous measure of congestion. The instantaneous measure(s) of congestion may be relative to a threshold of a particular queue and/or relative to a threshold of a buffer that includes a plurality of queues.

Methods and devices for backward congestion notification

Systems and methods for gathering troubleshooting information through one or more networks are disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprises a switch port configured to receive a frame that has information added by another switch. As the frame traverses the network, control logic in the switch adds additional information into the frame from the current switch.

Network path tracing method

A method for fast protection in a fault-tolerant network includes coupling an edge switch in a network to one or more access switches via at least first and second redundant links, respectively connected to first and second ports of the edge switch. The first port is placed in an active state, while the second port is placed in a blocking state, so that communication traffic is conveyed over the first link, and each of the switches builds a respective database for use in forwarding the traffic. Responsive to a failure associated with the first link, the second port is placed in the active state and the first port is placed in the blocking state. Dummy traffic is then sent from the edge switch over the second link to the one or more access switches, so as to cause each of the one or more access switches to modify its respective database responsive to the second port being in the active state.

Fast failure protection using redundant network edge ports

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Fast failure protection using redundant network edge ports