directivity at those frequencies are 0.80, 0.83, and 0.81; 1.27, 1.45, and 1.60; and 1.60, 1.77, and 1.99, respectively. Clearly, the maximum directivity is increasing for a fixed overall size as the resonance wavelength decreases. In summary, the choice of a low-loss substrate and the proper placements of the CLL elements relative to each other and to the driven monopole are the key points that had to be considered for all of the proposed antennas to achieve their noted high radiation efficiencies and prescribed maximum directivity directions while maintaining their electrically small and simple geometries. 4. CONCLUSION We have reported metamaterial-inspired electrically small single-, dual-, and triple-band antennas at the GSM (1.93–1.99 GHz), ISM (2.43–2.4835 GHz), and WIMAX (3.3–3.6 GHz) frequencies. Performance characteristics of these antennas were obtained numerically using HFSS, a commercial full-wave electromagnetic solver. These antennas have planar configurations that include CLLs as their NFRP radiators and a coaxially fed printed dipole as the driven element. In the proposed topology, the number of operating frequencies is determined by the number of CLLs. The proposed antenna structures all operate as magnetic dipoles (directivities � 1.622.0 dB). In addition to having electrically small and geometrically simple topologies, they are nearly completely matched to their 50-X source and have high (� 80%) radiation efficiencies at all of their prescribed operating frequencies. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

High‐performance wide stop band low‐pass filter using a vertically coupled DGS‐DMS‐resonators and interdigital capacitor

─ A novel quarter-circle defected ground structure shape is introduced in this paper to design and implement an ultra-wide reject band low-pass filter (LPF). Moreover, an equivalent circuit model (ECM) is presented. The proposed LPF has small size and, a low insertion loss and a return loss less than -20 dB. Also, a round -20 dB suppression level ranging from 4 GHz to more than 20 GHz is achieved. The simulated results obtained by ECM and full-wave EM show good agreement with the measured ones. Index Terms ─ Compensated microstrip line, defected ground structure (DGS), low-pass filter (LPF), quarter-circle (QC) shape.

Compact microstrip low-pass filter design with ultra-wide reject band using a novel quarter-circle DGS shape

A novel wide stopband (WSB) low pass filter based on combination of defected ground structure (DGS), defected microstrip structure (DMS), and compensated microstrip capacitors is proposed. Their excellent defected characteristics are verified through simulation and measurements. Additionally to a sharp cutoff, the structure exhibits simple design and fabrication, very low insertion loss in the pass band of 0.3 dB and it achieves a wide rejection bandwidth with overall 20 dB attenuation from 1.5 GHz up to 8.3 GHz. The compact low pass structure occupies an area of (0.40 × 0.24) where = 148 mm is the waveguide length at the cut-off frequency 1.1 GHz. Comparison between measured and simulated results confirms the validity of the proposed method. Such filter topologies are utilized in many areas of communications systems and microwave technology because of their several benefits such as small losses, wide reject band, and high compactness.

/pdf/design-of-a-novel-ultrawide-stopband-lowpass-filter-using-a-3z8w5l4opf.pdf

Design of a Novel Ultrawide Stopband Lowpass Filter Using a DMS-DGS Technique for Radar Applications

A novel 1.8 GHz compact microstrip low pass Filter (LPF) based on quasi-Yagi defected ground structure (DGS) and compensated capacitors is proposed in this article. The filter has a very sharp cut-off frequency response with low insertion loss and achieves a wide reject band with overall 20 dB attenuation from 2.8 GHz up to 10 GHz. The equivalent circuit model of Yagi-DGS unit is derived using AWR software and the circuit parameters are extracted by using a simple circuit analysis method. The advantage of this structure is that the reject band can be controlled by tuning the dimension of yagi-arms at higher frequency rang. To improve the filter characteristics in reject band, a new metal box has been used to minimize the loss in pass band and to extend the reject band. The proposed LPFs are designed and fabricated. The compact filter occupies an area of (0.45 λg × 0.35 λg) with λg = 44 mm. A comparison between simulation and measurement results confirms the validity of the LPF configuration and design procedure. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:523–528, 2014

Design of broad-stop band low pass filter using a novel quasi-Yagi-DGS-resonators and metal box-technique

https://www.jpier.org/pierc/pierc69/12.16073003.pdf

Improvement of compactness of low pass filter using new quasi-yagi-dgs-resonator and multilayer-technique

This paper introduces a new compact defected ground structure (DGS) low pass filter (LPF) using a crescent shape structure etched in the ground plane. The filter response has improved dramatically by employing coupling of two DGS structures. Furthermore, the transformation to bandpass filter (BPF) is also investigated. The proposed configuration improved the lowpass response by widening the rejection band while significantly reducing the size. The behaviour of the filter has been investigated using HFSS as well as lumped element equivalent circuit model simulations using parallel L-C resonator. The proposed filter has been optimized.

Improvement of Compactness of Lowpass/Bandpass Filter Using a New Electromagnetic Coupled Crescent Defected Ground Structure Resonators

Dielectric filters can provide compact solutions for filter design problems. However, most dielectrics exhibit uniaxial properties, as well as, losses that will undoubtedly affect performance if not accounted for. This paper derives dispersion relations for lossy uniaxial media in dielectric waveguides and also accounts for lossy conducting walls. The waveguide discontinuity problem in the presence of lossy uniaxial media and finite conductivity waveguide walls, is calculated by mode matching technique and the results are applied to a Ka band filter. The design specifications for the proposed filter are a 32.5 GHz center frequency with 6%. Good agreement between simulated and measured results are shown.

Uniaxial Dielectric Waveguide Filter Design Accounting for Losses Using Mode Matching Technique

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Improvement of Compactness of Lowpass/Bandpass Filter Using a New Electromagnetic Coupled Crescent Defected Ground Structure Resonators

Uniaxial Dielectric Waveguide Filter Design Accounting for Losses Using Mode Matching Technique