Background: Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), caused by the gram-positive bacteria Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, has been present in Great Britain since the 1980s and is now considered endemic. CLA is considered to be an iceberg disease; that is, it is a production-limiting disease, characterised by slow insidious onset, that has production-limiting effects in a larger proportion of the flock than is exhibiting clinical signs at any given point in time. Aim of the article: The disease has been previously reviewed in In Practice (Baird 2003). In this article we consider updates in our understanding of the pathology, risk factors for flocks and the challenges of initiating control where the cost of the disease is still relatively unquantified.

/pdf/update-on-caseous-lymphadenitis-in-sheep-3lzp3vh9pj.pdf

Update on caseous lymphadenitis in sheep

Clinical caseous lymphadenitis was observed in 60 of 1,186 goats.A total of 34 small holder goat farms were investigated in 11 provinces in the northeastern part of Thailand.Approximately 66.67% of clinical caseous lymphadenitis goats were infected with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, as confirmed by an ELISA test or bacterial culture.The average prevalence of clinical caseous lymphadenitis in herds was 6.36+4.30%(4.86-7.86;95% CI).The abscessation of a superficial lymph node was commonly found in proximal (46.67%), middle (38.33%), and distal (15%) parts of the body.The location of the lesion was significantly associated (p<0.05) with positivity either from ELISA or bacterial culture, as goats with lesions in the distal part of the body showed a higher positivity (90%) than at the proximal (75%) and middle parts (45%) (p=0.02),respectively.No significant difference was observed for goat gender, age, or breed in terms of infection prevalence or displays of clinical signs of caseous lymphadenitis (p>0.05).Control and prevention measures should incorporate client education on a number of factors, including disease transmission to humans, clinical signs, impact on animal health and production loss and treatment. 

pdf/distribution-and-risk-factors-of-clinical-caseous-3brousitay.pdf

Distribution and Risk Factors of Clinical Caseous Lymphadenitis in Small-Holder Goat Herds in Northeastern Thailand

Suppurative lesions in the central nervous system of small ruminants may be caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. This report describes a case of suppurative meningoencephalitis caused by C. pseudotuberculosis in goats treated in the Large Animal Clinic of FMVZ-UNESP/Botucatu, SP. The animal had anorexia, caseous lymphadenitis (CL), recumbency, opisthotonus, paddling movements and nystagmus. The CSF showed increased protein and lymphocytic pleocytosis. At necropsy there were localized abscess in the midbrain that after the microbiological culture, resulted in the isolation of C. pseudotuberculosis.

Meningoencefalite supurativa por Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis em cabra com linfadenite caseosa: Relato de caso

Στην Κλινική Παραγωγικών Ζώων της Κτηνιατρικής Σχολής του ΑΠΘ, προσκομίστηκe θηλυκό πρόβατο  Φρισλανδικής φυλής, 3 eτών, μe ιστορικό απώλeιας βάρους eπί δίμηνο Στην κλινική eξέταση διαπιστώθηκαν θeρμοκρασία  απeυθυσμένου 39°C, όρeξη φυσιολογική, eλαφρό ορώδeς ρινικό έκκριμα, υγρός βήχας, eνώ κατά την ακρόαση της τραχeίας  ακούγονταν ρόγχοι Οι αιματολογικές και βιοχημικές παράμeτροι ήταν σe φυσιολογικά eπίπeδα, eκτός από μια ήπια λeυκοκυττάρωση, eνώ ίχνη αιμοσφαιρίνης και πρωτeϊνών ανιχνeύθηκαν στην eξέταση του ούρου Λόγω της προοδeυτικά eπιδeινούμeνης  eξέλιξης του πeριστατικού, πραγματοποιήθηκe eυθανασία και το ζώο προσκομίστηκe για νeκροτομική eξέταση Το κύριο  eύρημα της νeκροτομής ήταν ο δeξιός νeφρός, που eμφανιζόταν διογκωμένος, οζώδης, eνώ το παρέγχυμα του eίχe αντικατασταθeί  από πολυάριθμα αποστήματα Από δeίγματα ιστών παρeγχυματικών οργάνων πραγματοποιήθηκαν μικροβιολογικές, μοριακές  και ιστοπαθολογικeς eξeτάσeις, μe σκοπό την απομόνωση του αιτιολογικού παράγοντα, τον αποκλeισμό της Maedi/Visna και τη μeλέτη των ιστολογικών αλλοιώσeων, αντίστοιχα Στη μικροβιολογική eξέταση από δeίγματα νeφρού και πνeύμονα, απομονώθηκe  το Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Η πeρίπτωση eνός eνδιαφέροντος κλινικού πeριστατικού, που προσκομίστηκe  μe ασαφή συμπτωματολογία από το οποίο απομονώθηκe το Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis από το νeφρό, συζητeίται στο άρθρο αυτό

/pdf/a-case-of-kidney-infection-by-corynebacterium-32t915p23k.pdf

A case of kidney infection by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in sheep.

Etiological Agent, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Treatment, Measures for Prevention and Control of Caseous Lymphadenitis Disease in the Small Ruminants with Special Reference to Sheep

Clinical diagnosis of visceral caseous lymphadenitis in a Salz ewe

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Clinical diagnosis of visceral caseous lymphadenitis in a Salz ewe