Keratoconus and related noninflammatory corneal thinning disorders

A 48-Year Clinical and Epidemiologic Study of Keratoconus

RESULTS. The CLEK Study patients had a mean age of 39-29 — 10.90 years with moderate to severe disease, assessed by a keratometric-based criterion (95.4% of patients had steep keratometric readings of at least 45 D) and relatively good visual acuity (77.9% had best corrected visual acuity of at least 20/40 in both eyes). Sixty-five percent of the patients wore rigid gas-permeable contact lens, and most of those (73%) reported that their lenses were comfortable. Only 13.5% of patients reported a family history of keratoconus. None reported serious systemic diseases that had been previously reported to be associated with keratoconvis. Many (53%) reported a history of atopy. Fifty-three percent had corneal scarring in one or both eyes. CONCLUSIONS. Baseline findings suggest that keratoconus is not associated with increased risk of connective tissue disease and that most patients in the CLEK Study sample represent mild to moderate keratoconus. Additional follow-up of at least 3 years will provide new information about the progression of keratoconus, identify factors associated with progression, and assess its impact on quality of life. {Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1998;39:2537-2546)

/pdf/baseline-findings-in-the-collaborative-longitudinal-u0i3geu496.pdf

Baseline findings in the Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Keratoconus (CLEK) Study.

Complications of intraocular lenses. A historical and histopathological review

Keratoconus (KC) is the most common cornea ectatic disorder. It is characterized by a cone-shaped thin cornea leading to myopia, irregular astigmatism, and vision impairment. It affects all ethnic groups and both genders. Both environmental and genetic factors may contribute to its pathogenesis. This review is to summarize the current research development in KC epidemiology and genetic etiology. Environmental factors include but are not limited to eye rubbing, atopy, sun exposure, and geography. Genetic discoveries have been reviewed with evidence from family-based linkage analysis and fine mapping in linkage region, genome-wide association studies, and candidate genes analyses. A number of genes have been discovered at a relatively rapid pace. The detailed molecular mechanism underlying KC pathogenesis will significantly advance our understanding of KC and promote the development of potential therapies.

/pdf/the-genetic-and-environmental-factors-for-keratoconus-1e06u9jxtq.pdf

The genetic and environmental factors for keratoconus.

S' I.-REFRACTION AND OPTICS (I) Ferree, C. E. and Rand, Gertrude (Baltimore).-Intensity of illumination and other factors influencing the sensitivity of the radial test for astigmatism. Amer. JI. of Ofhthal., October, 1929. (1) Ferree and Rand find that the sensitivity of radial charts for detecting astigmatism can be much increased by raising the intensity of their illumination. The illumination should, if possible, be limited to the area of the chart, the surroundings being in subdued light. This can be done in one of two ways-the chart may be an-opaque one, illuminated in front by a projecting lantern 108

https://bjo.bmj.com/content/bjophthalmol/15/2/102.full.pdf

The intra-ocular pressure and drainage of the aqueous humour.

REDMOND SMITH (1956) produced further evidence for an irritant, Cetrimide, introduced at the time of operation being the cause of inflammatory reaction when an acrylic lens is inserted into the eye. Binkhorst and Flu (1956) proposed the use of ultra-violet rays for sterilising intra-ocular prostheses. Their objection to the use of detergents does not take into account the fact that these substances differ greatly in their physicochemical behaviour with regard to acrylic material, and they offer no method of rendering the lens chemically clean after manufacture. The procesa of irradiation with ultra-violet light is open to several objections. First, it is not certain that all spores will be destroyed. Also, it is known that ultraviolet light of wavelength 2,537 A is strongly absorbed by polymethyl methacrylate (Fig. 1).

https://bjo.bmj.com/content/bjophthalmol/41/6/359.full.pdf

Safety requirements for acrylic implants.

THE increasing recognition of the importance of contact lenses in the treatment of keratoconus has led to a quite exceptional concentration of these cases in the Contact Lens Department at the Royal Westminster branch of the Moorfields, Westminster and Central Eye Hospital. It is possible that the opportunity to analyse in detail such a large series of keratoconus cases has not previously occurred, and it is proposed to present the general pictule of the disease as seen in these cases and to draw certain conclusions, before proceeding to consider in greater detail the tieatment of keratoconus using contact lenses.

https://bjo.bmj.com/content/bjophthalmol/40/5/295.full.pdf

Contact lenses in treatment of keratoconus

https://bjo.bmj.com/content/bjophthalmol/45/9/631.1.full.pdf

Eye-rubbing and contact lenses.

THE carriage of pathogenic bacteria to eyes through the agency of drops has presented a serious problem for several decades and this problem has not, hitherto, been effectively solved. Screw-cap bottles and the use of a preservative in all drops were recommended by a committee of the High Holborn Branch of Moorfields in 19541. A Dispensary and Sterilization Committee serving the joint hospital was set up in 19552. The author was in the best position to devise and put into operation the practical requirements of such a scheme, and the High Holborn Branch of the Hospital was used throughout to test various methods of control. The material to be presented has been divided into that of general interest in large type and in smaller type the practical details, chiefly of interest to the pharmacist.

https://bjo.bmj.com/content/bjophthalmol/42/11/641.full.pdf

Sterile drops and lotions in ophthalmic practice

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