Biologie und Pathologie der Hirngeschwülste

https://www.amjmed.com/article/0002-9343(48)90372-6/pdf

Effect of penicillin on the bacteremia following dental extraction

Acute infection of the lower respiratory tract comprises bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. From a clinical point of view it may be difficult to distinguish these disease entities and one infection may progress into another. The most common pathogens causing these infections are the primary respiratory viruses (respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus, adenoviruses, parainfluenza virus, and rhinovirus1 2), Mycoplasma pneumoniae ,3 and Chlamydia species.4-6 Legionella may cause pneumonia and non-pneumonic upper respiratory tract infection and approximately 85% of c ases are caused by L pneumophila . Long lasting sequelae such as bronchiectasis, lung fibrosis, and decreased lung function are seen after lower respiratory tract infections7-10 and it has been debated whether respiratory tract infection can cause chronic bronchial asthma.6 11-13 

Acute bronchitis is an inflammatory condition of the bronchi often caused by infectious agents, although in many cases no aetiology can be established.14 15 It shares many pathological and clinical features with bronchiolitis, and the same agents may induce both conditions. Most cases of acute bronchitis of known aetiology are due to respiratory viruses such as influenza virus, adenovirus, RSV, rhinovirus, and coronavirus,1 2 16 and a few are caused by M pneumoniae , Bordetella pertussis and C pneumoniae .4 5 15 17 Legionella infections limited to the bronchial tree are not described.

### ADHERENCE OF PATHOGENS

The pathogenesis has not been studied for all agents, but the transmission of disease is thought to occur through droplet spread from an infected person. After inhalation the infectious agent may adhere to different receptors such as acid containing glycoproteins or the adhesion molecule ICAM-1 on respiratory epithelial cells.18 19 The infectious chlamydial particle is the elementary body that attaches itself to and enters a susceptible cell where it changes to the larger metabolically active reticulate body.20 …

https://thorax.bmj.com/content/thoraxjnl/53/4/302.full.pdf

Pathogenesis of lower respiratory tract infections due to Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, Legionella and viruses.

Twenty-five infants with histologically verified brain tumours presenting during the first year of life and diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) were studied The clinical features are presented, the results of surgery assessed and the CT findings analysed and compared with the macroscopic appearance of the tumours Since the introduction of CT, the number of intracranial tumours diagnosed in infancy has increased, particularly in the supratentorial location In our study, astrocytomas were the most common, followed by choroid plexus papillomas, ependymomas and primitive glial tumours At diagnosis, many tumours had become large, but usually had a well-defined edge, suggesting expansion rather than infiltration The CT features generally corresponded to the macroscopic appearance of the tumours The operative mortality in the series was 20%

Intracranial tumours in the first year of life

The Anachoretic Effect in Pulpitis I. Bacteriologic Studies

Among 4,563 necropsy records at the Babies' Hospital, there are listed nine cases of neoplasm of the brain. While it is true that the brains of all these infants were not examined, because permission was not obtained, there is no instance in which there was a failure to examine the brain when a neoplasm had been suspected. This makes an incidence of 0.2 per cent., which is less than the 1 per cent, recorded for the occurrence of brain tumors among adults. There were two girls and seven boys, and their ages ranged from 2 weeks to 3 years. The results of a study of seven of the cases are recorded in this paper. Five neoplasms were located in the cerebellum, constituting infratentorial tumors, and two in the cerebrum, constituting supratentorial tumors. CEREBELLAR (INFRATENTORIAL) TUMORS All five infratentorial tumors involved the vermis and extended into one lobe of the cerebellum,

Brain tumors in young children: a clinical and pathologic study

That infections frequently follow certain operations and are sometimes a direct result of bacteria being thrown into the blood stream at operation seems to be generally accepted. This study was undertaken in an effort to determine, if possible, how frequently bacteremia followed tonsillectomy, and in cases in which such a condition occurred, what relation the organisms causing the bacteremia bore to the flora of the interior of the excised tonsils. It was thought that if bacteremia did develop, a localization might readily occur and manifestations of rheumatic disease appear. TECHNIC Tonsils. —After removal, the tonsils were brought to the laboratory without preservative. They were washed three times in sterile saline, about 50 cc. being used for each washing. The tonsil was held firmly in a hemostat, seared and laid open. The inner surface was scraped with a platinum loop, and a broth tube seeded. From this two loopsful were inoculated

Streptococci isolated from excised tonsils and posttonsillectomy blood cultures: a preliminary report

The addition of green vegetables to the dietary of young infants is becoming a common practice. It is generally believed that the value of this is due to the effect on the mineral metabolism. Infants who are fed for too long a time on an exclusive milk diet show anemia, late closure of the fontanel, delay in walking and general lack of activity. The secondary anemia is easily explained by the small amount of iron in cow's milk; after its dilution in milk formulas the amount of iron becomes almost negligible. Instead of making use of drugs to supply the needed iron, green vegetables have been fed to many children in the wards and the outpatient department of the Babies' Hospital. This plan has been followed with children as young as 6 or 7 months. It has been interesting to observe that infants thus fed show an earlier closure of

Some analyses of vegetables showing the effect of the method of cooking

Hemolytic jaundice, Banti's disease, Gaucher's disease and von Jaksch's anemia, are four names given to pathologic processes for the relief or cure of which removal of the spleen may be the only treatment. Hemolytic jaundice, in the yellowness of the skin and sclera, presents an outward and visible sign which gives obvious aid in the determination of a diagnosis. Banti's disease and Gaucher's disease have no distinguishing symptoms and physical signs by which they can be identified clearly. It is impossible in the early stages, and difficult even in the later stages, to give a name to the pathologic process representing these diseases, and it is just in the early stage of Banti's or Gaucher's disease that splenectomy is of greatest value. Von Jaksch's disease is at present sub judice, being regarded by some as not a distinct entity. Figures 1, 2 and 3 are the microphotographs of a spleen

Indications for the removal of the spleen in infants and children

A "vomiting baby" presents as many baffling problems as any condition in infancy. It is too often assumed that vomiting is a natural process and that it is only necessary to bide one's time and the baby will outgrow it. As a result of this attitude of mind, efforts at determining a cause of the vomiting are relaxed, matters are allowed to drift along, and medicines are given to satisfy one's conscience and to appease the family. The most common causes of vomiting in infancy are connected with improper food and incorrect methods of feeding. A careful adaptation of the food to the child's tolerance or a proper regulation of the intervals of feeding and the amount of food in twenty-four hours will as a rule meet the indications in such cases. The question may reasonably be asked: How may "such cases" be determined? The obvious answer is: By a

Persistent vomiting associated with rumination in an infant of five months

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