Missale, Cristina, S. Russel Nash, Susan W. Robinson, Mohamed Jaber, and Marc G. Caron. Dopamine Receptors: From Structure to Function. Physiol. Rev. 78: 189–225, 1998. — The diverse physiological actions of dopamine are mediated by at least five distinct G protein-coupled receptor subtypes. Two D1-like receptor subtypes (D1 and D5) couple to the G protein Gs and activate adenylyl cyclase. The other receptor subtypes belong to the D2-like subfamily (D2 , D3 , and D4) and are prototypic of G protein-coupled receptors that inhibit adenylyl cyclase and activate K+ channels. The genes for the D1 and D5 receptors are intronless, but pseudogenes of the D5 exist. The D2 and D3 receptors vary in certain tissues and species as a result of alternative splicing, and the human D4 receptor gene exhibits extensive polymorphic variation. In the central nervous system, dopamine receptors are widely expressed because they are involved in the control of locomotion, cognition, emotion, and affect as well as neuroendocrine s...

Dopamine Receptors: From Structure to Function

Background— In patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the modern era, the incidence and prognostic implications of acute renal failure (ARF) are unknown. Methods and Results— With a retrospective analysis of the Mayo Clinic PCI registry, we determined the incidence of, risk factors for, and prognostic implications of ARF (defined as an increase in serum creatinine [Cr] >0.5 mg/dL from baseline) after PCI. Of 7586 patients, 254 (3.3%) experienced ARF. Among patients with baseline Cr 2.0, all had a significant risk of ARF. In multivariate analysis, ARF was associated with baseline serum Cr, acute myocardial infarction, shock, and volume of contrast medium administered. Twenty-two percent of patients with ARF died during the index hospitalization compared with only 1.4% of patients without ARF (P<0.0001). After adjustment, ARF remained strongly associated with death. Amo...

/pdf/incidence-and-prognostic-importance-of-acute-renal-failure-45f2o93xb6.pdf

Incidence and Prognostic Importance of Acute Renal Failure After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Effects of problem-based learning: a meta- analysis

Importance of Venous Congestion for Worsening of Renal Function in Advanced Decompensated Heart Failure

The changing faces of glutathione, a cellular protagonist

The hypothesis that pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is associated with abnormal physiological control of plasma renin activity (PRA) was tested by studying the effects of graded infusion of angiotensin II (ANG II) on PRA, plasma aldosterone (PA), and blood pressure in normal pregnancy, PIH, non-pregnant women in luteal and follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, and males. PIH occurring in the second trimester was associated with elevated PRA, PA and blood pressure compared with all other groups, and reduced urinary thromboxane excretion compared with normal pregnancy. Exogenous ANG II infusion failed to suppress existing PRA in patients with PIH, in contrast to all other groups, but increased PA in all groups. It is concluded that PIH occurring in the second trimester is associated with elevated PRA, PA and blood pressure. The inability of circulating ANG II to reduce PRA in PIH may constitute a major alteration underlying the pathophysiology of PIH.

Failure of angiotensin II to reduce plasma renin activity in hypertensive pregnant women.

Isotonic reabsorption by the proximal tubule is mediated by an active transport process that is subject to physiologic control mechanisms. One school of thought proposes that the primary, and perhaps overriding, variables regulating proximal transport are physical factors (oncotic and hydrostatic pressures) in the peritubule environment. However, recent data indicate that membrane permeability is an important variable that must be considered when evaluating the regulatory role of physical factors. Such changes in membrane permeability could be the mechanism by which certain hormones regulate reabsorption by the proximal tubule. Hormones effecting sodium transport per se, such as aldosterone, do not have any effect on proximal reabsorption. However, hormones, such as parathyroid hormone, which have a primary effect on an anion reabsorption, specifically bicarbonate and phosphate, are effective in regulating proximal reabsorption. It is suggested that the physiologic regulation of isotonic reabsorption by the proximal tubule is mediated by hormonal regulation of these anions.

Role of physical and neuroendocrine factors in proximal electrolyte reabsorption.

The relationship between changes in GFR and sodium and water reabsorption by the proximal tubule was studied in 11 control dogs and 8 dogs with salt retention produced by 5 days of DOCA administration

Glomerulotubular balance in dogs with chronic salt retention.

Dopamine excretion primarily reflects the tubular synthesis of dopamine. Renal dopamine synthesis occurs primarily in the proximal convoluted and straight tubules. Recent studies suggest that increased phosphate intake increases tubular dopamine synthesis. The infusion of dopamine is phosphaturic and enhances the phosphaturic effect of PTH in diverse conditions of phosphate conservation such as phosphate deprivation or acute respiratory alkalosis. Exogenous dopamine specifically inhibits phosphate transport as illustrated by studies of isolated renal brush border membranes. Inhibition of endogenous dopamine synthesis in normal rats with carbidopa has been demonstrated to increase phosphate reabsorption. Dopamine has been suggested to modulate the effect of atrial natriuretic peptide on phosphate excretion in normal rats and in rats with a remnant kidney. The enhanced phosphate excretion in rats with a remnant kidney is associated with increased dopamine synthesis per nephron. Studies performed in the opossum kidney cells which are analogous to proximal tubule cells indicate that these cells synthesize dopamine, increase cAMP levels and decrease phosphate transport by the same cells suggesting an autocrine/paracrine role for dopamine on phosphate transport by proximal tubules.

Role of intrarenal dopamine on renal phosphate regulation

Effect of atrial natriuretic factor on brush border membrane transport of phosphate in phosphate-deprived rats.

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Franklyn G. Knox

Author Tools

Chat about Author