ZnS nanostructures: From synthesis to applications

A solution-processed ultraviolet photodetector with a nanocomposite active layer composed of ZnO nanoparticles blended with semiconducting polymers can significantly outperform inorganic photodetectors

/pdf/a-nanocomposite-ultraviolet-photodetector-based-on-5f1mlg6qi5.pdf

A nanocomposite ultraviolet photodetector based on interfacial trap-controlled charge injection.

UV response of ZnO nanowire nanosensor has been studied under ambient condition. By utilizing Schottky contact instead of Ohmic contact in device fabrication, the UV sensitivity of the nanosensor has been improved by four orders of magnitude, and the reset time has been drastically reduced from 417 to 0.8 s. By further surface functionalization with function polymers, the reset time has been reduced to 20 ms even without correcting the electronic response of the measurement system. These results demonstrate an effective approach for building high response and fast reset UV detectors. © 2009 American Institute of Physics. DOI: 10.1063/1.3133358 Ultraviolet UV photon detectors have a wide range of applications from environmental monitoring, missile launching detection, space research, high temperature flame detection to optical communications. 1 For these applications, fast response time, fast reset time, high selectivity, high responsivity, and good signal-to-noise ratio are commonly desired characteristics. 2 For UV photon detector based on polycrystalline ZnO thin film, a slow response time ranging from a few minutes to several hours is commonly observed. 3,4 Due

/pdf/gigantic-enhancement-in-response-and-reset-time-of-zno-uv-4le46219xf.pdf

Gigantic enhancement in response and reset time of ZnO UV nanosensor by utilizing Schottky contact and surface functionalization

One-dimensional (1D) metal-oxide nanostructures are ideal systems for exploring a large number of novel phenomena at the nanoscale and investigating size and dimensionality dependence of nanostructure properties for potential applications. The construction and integration of photodetectors or optical switches based on such nanostructures with tailored geometries have rapidly advanced in recent years. Active 1D nanostructure photodetector elements can be configured either as resistors whose conductions are altered by a charge-transfer process or as field-effect transistors (FET) whose properties can be controlled by applying appropriate potentials onto the gates. Functionalizing the structure surfaces offers another avenue for expanding the sensor capabilities. This article provides a comprehensive review on the state-of-the-art research activities in the photodetector field. It mainly focuses on the metal oxide 1D nanostructures such as ZnO, SnO2, Cu2O, Ga2O3, Fe2O3, In2O3, CdO, CeO2, and their photoresponses. The review begins with a survey of quasi 1D metal-oxide semiconductor nanostructures and the photodetector principle, then shows the recent progresses on several kinds of important metal-oxide nanostructures and their photoresponses and briefly presents some additional prospective metal-oxide 1D nanomaterials. Finally, the review is concluded with some perspectives and outlook on the future developments in this area.

https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/9/8/6504/pdf

A Comprehensive Review of One-Dimensional Metal-Oxide Nanostructure Photodetectors

ZnO nanowires (or nanorods) have been widely studied due to their unique material properties and remarkable performance in electronics, optics, and photonics. Recently, photocatalytic applications of ZnO nanowires are of increased interest in environmental protection applications. This paper presents a review of the current research of ZnO nanowires (or nanorods) with special focus on photocatalysis. We have reviewed the semiconducting photocatalysts and discussed a variety of synthesis methods of ZnO nanowires and their corresponding effectiveness in photocatalysis. We have also presented the characterization of ZnO nanowires from the literature and from our own measurements. Finally, a wide range of uses of ZnO nanowires in various applications is highlighted in this paper.

/pdf/synthesis-characterization-and-applications-of-zno-nanowires-1a5kdv4lbi.pdf

Synthesis, characterization, and applications of ZnO nanowires

UV photoresponse of ZnO nanowires is measured in air under different humidity conditions to study the competitive surface effects of oxygen and water vapor. During UV illumination, it was found that the current decreases gradually under high humidity, whereas the current increases under low humidity. In the recovery phase, a change of two to three orders of magnitude in the decay time is observed by varying the humidity. A model that takes into account the solid-state process of photocarrier generation/recombination and the competitive surface effects of oxygen/water is proposed to explain the observed variations in photoresponse under different humidity conditions.

/pdf/competitive-surface-effects-of-oxygen-and-water-on-uv-3xlulexhlv.pdf

Competitive surface effects of oxygen and water on UV photoresponse of ZnO nanowires

A nanowatt UV photoconductive detector made up of ultra-long (approximately 100 microm) ZnO bridging nanowires has been fabricated by a single-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The electrodes, forming comb-shaped thick ZnO layers, and the sensing elements, consisting of ZnO nanowires bridging the electrodes, were fabricated simultaneously in a single-step CVD process. The device showed drastic changes (10-10(5) times) in current under a wide range of UV irradiances (10(-8)-10(-2) W cm(-2)). Moreover, the detector exhibited fast response (rise and decay times of the order of 1 s) to UV illumination in air, but no response to visible light (hnu<3.2 eV). Our approach provides a simple and cost-effective way to fabricate high-performance 'visible-blind' UV detectors.

/pdf/high-performance-uv-detector-made-of-ultra-long-zno-bridging-25b9ynch91.pdf

High-performance UV detector made of ultra-long ZnO bridging nanowires.

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Competitive surface effects of oxygen and water on UV photoresponse of ZnO nanowires

High-performance UV detector made of ultra-long ZnO bridging nanowires.