https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.4319/lo.1961.6.1.0099

Marine Algae of the Eastern Tropical and Subtropical Coasts of the Americas

The brown algae (Phaeophyceae) are a group of multicellular heterokonts that are ubiquitous in today’s oceans. Large brown algae from multiple orders are the foundation to temperate coastal ecosyst...

Phylogeny and evolution of the brown algae

Catalog of the Benthic Marine Algae of the Philippines

With over a thousand species, the Rhodomelaceae is the most species-rich family of red algae While its genera have been assigned to 14 tribes, the high-level classification of the family has never been evaluated with a molecular phylogeny Here, we reassess its classification by integrating genome-scale phylogenetic analysis with observations of the morphological characters of clades In order to resolve relationships among the main lineages of the family we constructed a phylogeny with 55 chloroplast genomes (52 newly determined) The majority of branches were resolved with full bootstrap support We then added 266 rbcL, 125 18S rRNA gene and 143 cox1 sequences to construct a comprehensive phylogeny containing nearly half of all known species in the family (407 species in 89 genera) These analyses suggest the same subdivision into higher-level lineages, but included many branches with moderate or poor support The circumscription for nine of the 13 previously described tribes was supported, but the Lophothalieae, Polysiphonieae, Pterosiphonieae and Herposiphonieae required revision, and five new tribes and one resurrected tribe were segregated from them Rhizoid anatomy is highlighted as a key diagnostic character for the morphological delineation of several lineages This work provides the most extensive phylogenetic analysis of the Rhodomelaceae to date and successfully resolves the relationships among major clades of the family Our data show that organellar genomes obtained through high-throughput sequencing produce well-resolved phylogenies of difficult groups, and their more general application in algal systematics will likely permit deciphering questions about classification at many taxonomic levels

Analysis of chloroplast genomes and a supermatrix inform reclassification of the Rhodomelaceae (Rhodophyta).

Nature, the most prolific source of biological and chemical diversity, has provided mankind with treatments for health problems since ancient times and continues to be the most promising reservoir of bioactive chemicals for the development of modern drugs. In addition to the terrestrial organisms that still remain a promising source of new bioactive metabolites, the marine environment, covering approximately 70% of the Earth’s surface and containing a largely unexplored biodiversity, offers an enormous resource for the discovery of novel compounds. According to the MarinLit database, more than 27,000 metabolites from marine macro- and microorganisms have been isolated to date providing material and key structures for the development of new products in the pharmaceutical, food, cosmeceutical, chemical, and agrochemical sectors. Algae, which thrive in the euphotic zone, were among the first marine organisms that were investigated as sources of food, nutritional supplements, soil fertilizers, and bioactive metabolites.

The Laurencia Paradox: An Endless Source of Chemodiversity

Molecular phylogenies inferred from rbcL sequences including 39 representative members of the Laurencia complex confirm the four genera currently recognised within the complex: Laurencia sensu stricto, Osmundea, Chondrophycus and the recently described genus Palisada. Furthermore, Palisada poiteaui was resolved as a fifth independent lineage suggesting that the complex is actually composed of five rather than four genera. Palisada poiteaui is the type species of the subgenus Yuzurua, and elevation of this subgenus to generic rank is proposed. This new genus allied strongly with Laurencia s.s. However, the other intergeneric relationships were not well supported, suggesting that rbcL sequences may not have sufficient signal to clarify infrageneric relationships fully within the Laurencia complex.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09670260903314292

Phylogenetic analyses of the Laurencia complex (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales) support recognition of five genera: Chondrophycus, Laurencia, Osmundea, Palisada and Yuzurua stat. nov.

For a long time, it has been impossible to unravel phylogenetic relationships within the brown algae. Various systems of classification of the Phaeophyceae on the basis of morphology have been proposed. One of the main disputes concerning brown algal classification was whether to recognize a narrower or a wider circumscription for the Ectocarpales and whether or not some or all of the diplobiontic brown algae with conceptacles (i.e., Durvillaeales, Notheiales, and Ascoseirales) belong or, at least, are closely related to the Fucales. Our knowledge has greatly improved since phylogenies can be reconstructed based on DNA sequence data. This has led to a completely new phylogenetic hypothesis (Ectocarpales is not basal and Fucales is not sister to all other brown algae), and many taxa have moved to other or newly created orders and families. This upheaval is summarized: previous and current hypotheses are reviewed and an updated classification is provided.

14 Classification of the Phaeophyceae from past to present and current challenges

About three-hundred genera are currently recognized in the brown algae (SAR lineage, sub-regnum Stramenopiles or Heterokonta, divisio Ochrophyta, class Phaeophyceae). Since the first morphology-based pre-cladistic classifications, the advent of the concepts and methods of molecular phylogenies has resulted in countless new insights within the field of brown algal supra-generic systematics. Unfortunately, subsequent taxonomic changes have not always been performed; and after over twenty years of brown algal molecular systematics, it has become difficult to assign a given genus to its correct family and order. The aim of this review article is to update the generic and suprageneric classification of the Phaeophyceae, by taking into account the latest insights produced in the field of brown algal molecular systematics, in order to provide a clarified taxonomic framework whose uncertainties would result only either from absence of molecular data or phylogenetic irresolution rather than taxonomic vagueness due to misinterpretation of morphological characters.

An Updated Classification of Brown Algae (Ochrophyta, Phaeophyceae) Algologie

Mediterranean and Atlantic Algae, a Fraternal Relationship?

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Phylogenetic analyses of the Laurencia complex (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales) support recognition of five genera: Chondrophycus, Laurencia, Osmundea, Palisada and Yuzurua stat. nov.

14 Classification of the Phaeophyceae from past to present and current challenges

An Updated Classification of Brown Algae (Ochrophyta, Phaeophyceae) Algologie

Mediterranean and Atlantic Algae, a Fraternal Relationship?