ABSTRACT:The initial appearance of fine, incised, and impressed ceramics dating to the Neolithic period (4200–3000 b.p.) in southern Vietnam was associated with the emergence and spread of sedentary settlements, cereal agriculture, and new forms of material culture. However, differences existed in contemporary ceramic technologies between sites. This article presents a preliminary characterization of the pottery found at Rach Nui, a habitation site with an economy focused on vegeculture and foraging that was located at the confluence of the Vam Co Dong, Dong Nai, and Vam Co Tay rivers. The rim forms and decorations at Rach Nui are presented alongside a characterization of the tempers and clays from a small sample of sherds using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX). The Rach Nui ceramics are compared to previous studies of pottery from An Son, located upstream on the Vam Co Dong River. The results of the characterization and comparison indicate that Rach Nui potters focused on local production of a limited range of vessels compared to primarily agricultural settlements like An Son. This research on Rach Nui pottery demonstrates that by ca. 3500 b.p., the inhabitants of the various Neolithic settlements of southern Vietnam, and perhaps more broadly across Mainland Southeast Asia, had established their own social and cultural traditions that were reflected in locally specific ceramic technologies.

Diverse Ceramic Technologies in Neolithic Southern Vietnam: The Case of Rach Nui

http://manuscript.elsevier.com/S2352226722000198/pdf/S2352226722000198.pdf

Wang Duan: Upper Thai-Malay Peninsula coastal groups during the early and late Neolithic period

/pdf/late-prehistoric-copper-smelting-in-the-lao-pdr-experimental-3bqg6mh6qq.pdf

Late prehistoric copper smelting in the Lao PDR: Experimental reconstruction based on the Vilabouly Complex evidence

The late prehistoric copper production site of the Vilabouly Complex in central Laos delivered different types of materials that seem to be related to the copper chaine oppératoire for two main sites, Puen Baolo and Thong Na Nguak: minerals, slags and crucible fragments. A selection of these artefacts were analyzed (OM, SEM–EDS, XRD, bulk analyses) to study the extraction techniques, raw materials used and the different steps of production at Vilabouly. The various analytical datasets enabled us to propose a technological reconstruction, ranging from the extraction of minerals, smelting and casting. The results suggest a production dedicated to unalloyed copper with a crucible-based reaction in a one-step smelting process, a charge mainly composed of malachite and occasionally a mixture of ores (most likely malachite/chalcocite), depending on the mineralization being exploited. Slag analysis and lead isotope data show variation in the raw materials used at Puen Baolo and Thong Na Nguak linked to different mineralization zones which may also suggest different settlements/artisans and/or different exploitation periods. 

/pdf/technological-reconstruction-of-the-late-prehistoric-primary-1d11a0g1.pdf

Technological reconstruction of the late prehistoric primary copper production of the Vilabouly Complex (central Laos)

Ceramics from prehistoric Non Pa Wai, central Thailand: A preliminary petrographic investigation

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Ceramics from prehistoric Non Pa Wai, central Thailand: A preliminary petrographic investigation