Se describen las larvas de dos especies de la familia Centrolenidae (Hyalinobatrachium ibama y Cochranella daidalea) procedentes del flanco occidental de la cordillera Oriental en el departamento de Norte de Santander, Colombia. En la descripcion de las larvas, ademas de las caracteristicas morfologicas tradicionales, se incorporaron nuevos elementos de juicio como la longitud del tubo cloacal, la forma del rostro, el patron de color y la posicion del espiraculo, los cuales resultaron ser informativos y muy utiles en la diferenciacion de las especies. Se proporciona una discusion acerca de la validez taxonomica de algunos de los caracteres morfologicos empleados usualmente en las descripciones y comparaciones de los renacuajos de la familia Centrolenidae.

/pdf/descripcion-de-las-larvas-de-dos-centrolenidos-anura-364kkx0zha.pdf

Descripción de las larvas de dos centrolénidos (Anura: Centrolenidae) del noroccidente de la Cordillera Oriental, Colombia

Tadpoles of the monotypic Indian dancing frog family Micrixalidae have remained obscure for over 125 years. Here we report the discovery of the elusive tadpoles of Micrixalus herrei from the sand beds of a forested stream in southern Western Ghats, and confirm their identity through DNA barcoding. These actively burrowing tadpoles lead an entirely fossorial life from eggs to late metamorphic stages. We describe their internal and external morphological characters while highlighting the following features: eel-like appearance, extensively muscularized body and tail, reduced tail fins, skin-covered eyes, delayed development of eye pigmentation in early pre-metamorphic stages (Gosner stages 25–29), prominent tubular sinistral spiracle, large transverse processes on vertebrae II and III, ankylosed ribs on transverse processes of vertebra II, notochord terminating before the atlantal cotyle-occipital condyle junction, absence of keratodonts, serrated well-formed jaw sheaths, and extensive calcified endolymphatic sacs reaching sacrum posteriorly. The tadpole gut contains mostly fine sediments and sand. We discuss the eel-like morphology and feeding habits of M. herrei in the context of convergence with other well-known fossorial tadpoles. This discovery builds the knowledge base for further comparative analyses and conservation of Micrixalus, an ancient and endemic lineage of Indian frogs.

/pdf/unearthing-the-fossorial-tadpoles-of-the-indian-dancing-frog-jiuermfi9u.pdf

Unearthing the Fossorial Tadpoles of the Indian Dancing Frog Family Micrixalidae.

Based on differences in hemipenial morphology, male dewlap coloration, pholidosis, and 16S mtDNA, we recognize two
species of anoles related to what was formerly referred to as Anolis tropidogaster: Anolis tropidogaster Hallowell 1856
and A. gaigei Ruthven 1916. The hemipenis in A. tropidogaster is large, bulbous, and bilobed whereas it is small, thin,
and unilobed in A. gaigei; the male dewlap is almost uniform purplish red, sometimes with a paler orange central area in
A. tropidogaster versus orange yellow with a darker orange central area in A. gaigei; and—aside from more subtle differences in several pholidotic characteristics—in male A. gaigei there is a pair of greatly enlarged postcloacal scales which
is absent in A. tropidogaster. In the western part of its geographic range, A. gaigei has been confused with another anole
species, A. polylepis Peters 1873, from which it can be readily distinguished by its strongly keeled ventral scales (smooth
in A. polylepis).

Evidence for the recognition of two species of Anolis formerly referred to as A. tropidogaster (Squamata: Dactyloidae)

. The tadpole of Nymphargus grandisonae is described from Serrania de los Paraguas, Valle del Cauca-Colombia. Characteristics of clutches (i.e., position, coloration, number of ova) and ontogenetic variation, as well as some aspects of natural history of adult males, are provided. The tadpole of N. grandisonae differs from other centrolenid tadpoles in characteristics such as M-shaped upper jaw sheath, small gap in row A-2, and by having a non-emarginate oral disc. Although it has been proposed that the lack of morphological differences in glassfrog tadpoles is due to ecomorphological convergence, the number of tadpole descriptions based on feeding specimens is limited, as is the number of comparative studies of larval anatomy. Additional standardized studies of larval characters and subsequent phylogenetic analysis are required to test this hypothesis.

The Tadpole of Nymphargus Grandisonae (Anura, Centrolenidae) from Valle Del Cauca, Colombia

Reporting on the first locality in Bocas del Toro province of extreme western Panama, we extend the known geographic distribution of the lizard Leposoma rugiceps (Cope, 1869) about 275 km westwards from the nearest locality in Panama province. We provide photos of Panamanian specimens, comment on their morphology, and map the distribution of this binational endemism.

/pdf/distribution-extension-for-leposoma-rugiceps-cope-1869-h2ichke6vp.pdf

Distribution extension for Leposoma rugiceps (Cope, 1869) (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) in Panama, with first record from Bocas del Toro Province

The tadpole of Hyalinobatrachium colymbiphyllum is distinguished from other Central American centrolenid tadpoles by its a1most lateral eyes, spiracle positioned posteriorly towards the lateroventral region, margin of the upper beak nearly uniform, margin of the lower beak with very slight1y and uniformly distributed serrations, and anterodorsal area of the tail with a row or narrow strip of melanophores at each fin side.

Renacuajo de la rana de cristal Hyalinobatrachium colymbiphyllum (Anura: Centrolenidae)

/pdf/inventario-de-anfibios-y-reptiles-fase-inicial-para-la-1fu1d054jy.pdf

Inventario de anfibios y reptiles: Fase inicial para la conservación de estas especies en el Parque Nacional Altos de Campana

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Renacuajo de la rana de cristal Hyalinobatrachium colymbiphyllum (Anura: Centrolenidae)

Inventario de anfibios y reptiles: Fase inicial para la conservación de estas especies en el Parque Nacional Altos de Campana