The boundary layer equations for plane, incompressible, and steady flow are 

$$\matrix{ {u{{\partial u} \over {\partial x}} + v{{\partial u} \over {\partial y}} = - {1 \over \varrho }{{\partial p} \over {\partial x}} + v{{{\partial ^2}u} \over {\partial {y^2}}},} \cr {0 = {{\partial p} \over {\partial y}},} \cr {{{\partial u} \over {\partial x}} + {{\partial v} \over {\partial y}} = 0.} \cr }$$

Boundary Layer Theory

Frequently, data in scientific computing is in its abstract form a finite point set in space, and it is sometimes useful or required to compute what one might call the “shape” of the set. For that purpose, this article introduces the formal notion of the family of a-shapes of a finite point set in R3. Each shape is a well-defined polytope, derived from the Delaunay triangulation of the point set, with a parameter a e R controlling the desired level of detail. An algorithm is presented that constructs the entire family of shapes for a given set of size n in time 0(n2), worst case. A robust implementation of the algorithm is discussed, and several applications in the area of scientific computing are mentioned.

Three-dimensional alpha shapes

Decomposition analysis for policymaking in energy:: which is the preferred method?

The LMDI approach to decomposition analysis: a practical guide

Recently a novel DNA virus (Torque Teno Virus (TTV) has been identified in Japan and shown to be associated with elevated aminotransferase s levels after transfusion. However the exact role of TTV in pathogenesis of liver disease is yet to be established. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of TTV in thalassemic patients and its relationship with elevated alanine-aminotransfrase (ALT) and aspartateaminotransfrase (AST). This cross-sectional analysis study was conducted on 452 thallasemic patients. Serums were collected from all of the patients, first ALT and AST levels were determined. Then, after DNA extraction, TTV DNA was amplified and detected using semi-nested PCR, followed by gel electrophoresis. Demographic characteristics and clinical data were collected from each participant for statistical analysis. The findings showed that 160 of 452 (35.4%) samples had TTV DNA detected by PCR. From 160 TTV DNA positive, 98 (61.20%) were female and 62 (38.80%) of them were male (P=0.549). The mean ALT and AST values in TTV positive group were higher than in TTV negative group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001). The result showed that the prevalence of TTV in thalassemic patients in Jahrom is less than other studies in Iran and the mean ALT and AST values in TTV positive individuals were about 2 times more than in TTV negative individuals.

/pdf/molecular-prevalence-and-clinical-importance-of-torque-teno-2fi9z1ixeg.pdf

Molecular Prevalence and Clinical Importance of Torque Teno Virus Infection in Thalassemia Patients as High Risk Individuals

The body force distribution on a quiescent air induced by a slender uniform plasma actuator is calculated using the Navier-Stokes equations and the measured velocity and pressure distributions in order to study the contribution of the pressures. Both velocity distribution and pressure distribution over a perpendicular plane situated in the middle of the actuator are measured simultaneously with a two-dimensional particle image velocimetry and a thin flat static pressure board, respectively. The convergences of time- averaged velocity components and static pressures versus the sampling time are verified. The pressure distribution over the PIV grid is obtained by the bilinear interpolation. The body-force distribution is calculated asumming that the flow is steady, two-dimensional, incompressibe and laminar. The body force calculated by neglecting the pressure terms in the Navier-Stokes equations is presented for comparing with that including the pressures. The total body forces over four control volumes of different sizes are calculated from the body-force distribution to facilitate the presentations. A parametric study on body force is conducted for the peak-peak ranging from 5.5 kV to 12.3 kV at the carrier frequency of 13.5 kHz.

http://fliu.eng.uci.edu/Publications/C126.pdf

Body Force Produced by Plasma Actuator Using PIV and Pressure Measurements

Adjoint-Response Surface Method in Aerodynamic Shape Optimization of Turbomachinery Blades

Low Mach number flows are common and typical in industrial applications When simulating these flows, performance of traditional compressible flow solvers can deteriorate in terms of both efficiency and accuracy In this paper, a new high-order numerical method for two-dimensional (2-D) state low Mach number flows is proposed by combining flux reconstruction (FR) and preconditioning Firstly, a Couette flow problem is used to assess the efficiency and accuracy of preconditioned FR It is found that the FR scheme with preconditioning is much more efficient than the original FR scheme Meanwhile, this improvement still preserves the numerical accuracy Using this new method and without the Boussinesq assumption, classic natural convection is directly simulated for cases of small and large temperature differences For the small temperature difference, a p and h refinement study is conducted to verify the grid convergence and accuracy Then, the influence of the Rayleigh number (Ra) is analyzed By comparing with the reference results, the numerical results of preconditioned FR is very close to that calculated by incompressible solvers Furthermore, a large temperature difference test case is calculated and analyzed, indicating this method is not limited by the Boussinesq assumption and is also applicable to heat convection with large temperature differences

Numerical solutions of 2-D steady compressible natural convection using high-order flux reconstruction

Effect of low dorsal fin on the breakdown of vortices over a slender delta wing

Multiple solutions and stability of the steady transonic small-disturbance equation

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