Removal of copper from aqueous solution by carbon nanotube/calcium alginate composites.

In recent years, nanoparticles (NPs) have increasingly found practical applications in technology, research, and medicine. The small particle size coupled with their unique chemical and physical properties is thought to underline their exploitable biomedical activities. Its form may be latex body, polymer, ceramic particle, metal particles, and the carbon particles. Due to their small size and physical resemblance to physiological molecules such as proteins, NPs possess the capacity to revolutionise medical imaging, diagnostics, therapeutics, as well as carry out functional biological processes. But these features may also underline their toxicity. Indeed, a detailed assessment of the factors that influence the biocompatibility and toxicity of NPs is crucial for the safe and sustainable development of the emerging NPs. Due to the unique structure, size, and shape, much effort has been dedicated to analyzing biomedical applications of nanotubes. This paper focuses on the current understanding of the biocompatibility and toxicity of NPs with an emphasis on nanotubes.

/pdf/biocompatibility-and-toxicity-of-nanoparticles-and-nanotubes-1umaoxvshw.pdf

Biocompatibility and toxicity of nanoparticles and nanotubes

Toxicity of nano-TiO2 on algae and the site of reactive oxygen species production.

With tremendous increase in development of nanotechnology, there is a developing enthusiasm toward the application of nanoparticles in diverse areas. Carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, quantum dots, dendrimers, iron oxide, silica, and gold and silver nanoparticles are frequently used in different applications such as drug delivery, ceramic materials, semiconductors, electronics, medicine, cosmetics, etc. Some of these nanoparticles have shown major toxic effects on fauna, flora, and human beings, such as inflammation, cytotoxicity, tissue ulceration, and reduction of cell viability. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can induce oxidative stress and fibrosis in the lungs of rat and mice. SWCNTs can also induce oxidative stress to the nervous system in human beings. Inflammatory injury and respiratory distress can be observed due to TiO2 nanoparticles with small diameter. Nanoparticles can also pose detrimental effects on plants, such as decreased growth rate, genom...

Critical Review on the Toxicity of Some Widely Used Engineered Nanoparticles

Carbon nanotubes: Evaluation of toxicity at biointerfaces

The invention relates to a method for centrifugal separation of carbon nanotubes with a density gradient method. The method comprises the following steps: ultrasonically dispersing carbon nanotubes in an aqueous solution; preparing sucrose solutions with respective concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%, according to mass percentage; sequentially and slowly adding a certain amount of sucrosesolution into a same centrifuge tube to preparing a gradient solution; slowly dropping the ultrasonically dispersed carbon nanotube solution on the surface of the gradient solution, centrifuging witha horizontal rotor at 4,000rpm for 60min, and slowly sucking out the centrifuged mixed solution in equal two parts according to the percentages of solutions composing the gradient solution; and obtaining carbon nanotubes with different lengths. The inventive method has the advantage of simple process, can obtain carbon nanotubes with uniform length, and can be applied in the field of drug carriers.

Centrifugal separation process of carbon nano-tubes by density gradient method

The splenic toxicity of water soluble multi-walled carbon nanotubes in mice

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Centrifugal separation process of carbon nano-tubes by density gradient method

The splenic toxicity of water soluble multi-walled carbon nanotubes in mice