[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

日本物理学会誌及びJournal of the Physical Society of Japanの月刊について

A 3D Graphene? Discoveries of materials with exciting electronic properties have propelled condensed matter physics over the past decade. Two of the best-known examples, graphene and topological insulators, have something in common: a linear energy-momentum relationship—the Dirac dispersion—in their two-dimensional (2D) electronic states. Topological insulators also have a more mundane aspect of their electronic structure, characterized by a band gap. Another class of materials, topological Dirac semimetals, has been proposed that has a linear dispersion along all three momentum directions—a bulk Dirac cone; these materials are predicted to have intriguing electronic properties and to be related to other exotic states through quantum phase transitions. Liu et al. (p. 864, published online 16 January) detected such a state in the compound Na3Bi by using photoemission spectroscopy. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is used to detect bulk Dirac cones in a three-dimensional analog of graphene. Three-dimensional (3D) topological Dirac semimetals (TDSs) represent an unusual state of quantum matter that can be viewed as “3D graphene.” In contrast to 2D Dirac fermions in graphene or on the surface of 3D topological insulators, TDSs possess 3D Dirac fermions in the bulk. By investigating the electronic structure of Na3Bi with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we detected 3D Dirac fermions with linear dispersions along all momentum directions. Furthermore, we demonstrated the robustness of 3D Dirac fermions in Na3Bi against in situ surface doping. Our results establish Na3Bi as a model system for 3D TDSs, which can serve as an ideal platform for the systematic study of quantum phase transitions between rich topological quantum states.

Discovery of a Three-dimensional Topological Dirac Semimetal, Na3Bi

In the recent decades, with rapid development in computing power and algorithms, machine learning (ML) has exhibited its enormous potential in new polymer discovery. Herein, the history of ML is described and the basic process of ML accelerated polymer discovery is summarized. Next, the four steps in this process are reviewed, that is, dataset selection, fingerprinting, ML framework, and new polymer generation. Finally, a couple of main challenges for ML accelerated polymer discovery is presented and the outlooks in this field are prospected. It is expected that this review can service as a useful tool for the people who just step into this field and deepen the understanding for the people who are already in this field.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aisy.202200243

The Rise of Machine Learning in Polymer Discovery

This study employs various machine learning algorithms to model the electrical conductivity and gas sensing responses of polyaniline/graphene (PANI/Gr) nanocomposites based on a comprehensive dataset gathered from over 100 references....

Enhancing Precision in PANI/Gr Nanocomposite Design: Robust Machine Learning Models, Outlier Resilience, and Molecular Input Insights for Superior Electrical Conductivity and Gas Sensing Performance

Superconductivity in crystals without inversion symmetry has received extensive attention due to its unconventional pairing and possible nontrivial topological properties. Using first-principles calculations, we systemically study the electronic structure of noncentrosymmetric superconductors $A_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$ ($A$=Na, K, Rb and Cs). Topologically protected triply degenerate points connected by one-dimensional arcs appear along the $C_{3}$ axis, coexisting with strong ferromagnetic (FM) fluctuations in the non-superconducting state. Within random phase approximation, our calculations show that strong enhancements of spin fluctuations are present in K$_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$ and Rb$_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$, and are substantially reduced in Na$_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$ and Cs$_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$. Symmetry analysis of spin-orbit coupling $g_{k}$ suggests that the arc surface states might remain stable in the superconducting state, giving rise to possible nontrivial topological properties.

/pdf/coexistence-of-nontrivial-topological-properties-and-strong-3mjm65okd4.pdf

Coexistence of nontrivial topological properties and strong ferromagnetic fluctuations in $A_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$ ($A$=Na, K, Rb and Cs)

Superconductivity in crystals without inversion symmetry has received extensive attention due to its unconventional pairing and possible nontrivial topological properties. Using first-principles calculations, we systemically study the electronic structure of noncentrosymmetric superconductors A2Cr3As3 (A = Na, K, Rb, and Cs). Topologically protected triply degenerate points connected by one-dimensional arcs appear along the C3 axis, coexisting with strong ferromagnetic (FM) fluctuations in the non-superconducting state. Within random phase approximation, our calculations show that strong enhancements of spin fluctuations are present in K2Cr3As3 and Rb2Cr3As3 and are substantially reduced in Na2Cr3As3 and Cs2Cr3As3. Symmetry analysis of pairing gap Δ(k) and spin–orbit coupling gk suggest that the arc surface states may also exist in the superconducting state, giving rise to possible nontrivial topological properties.

/pdf/coexistence-of-nontrivial-topological-properties-and-strong-49iq3m8zc5.pdf

Coexistence of nontrivial topological properties and strong ferromagnetic fluctuations in quasi-one-dimensional A 2 Cr 3 As 3

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Coexistence of nontrivial topological properties and strong ferromagnetic fluctuations in $A_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$ ($A$=Na, K, Rb and Cs)

Coexistence of nontrivial topological properties and strong ferromagnetic fluctuations in quasi-one-dimensional A 2 Cr 3 As 3