Materials that are capable of extracting gold from complex sources, especially electronic waste (e-waste) with high efficiency are needed for gold resource sustainability and effective e-waste recycling. However, it remains challenging to achieve high extraction capacity to trace amount of gold, and precise selectivity to gold over a wide range of complex co-existing elements. Here we report a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) material that has an ultrahigh extraction capacity for trace amounts of gold (1,850 mg/g and 1,180 mg/g to 10 ppm and 1 ppm gold). The excellent gold extraction behavior is accounted to the graphene areas and oxidized regions of rGO. The graphene areas spontaneously reduce gold ions to metallic gold, and the oxidized regions provide a good dispersibility so that efficient adsorption and reduction of gold ions by the graphene area can be realized. The rGO is also highly selective to gold ions. By controlling the protonation process of the functional groups on the oxidized regions of rGO, it shows an exclusive gold extraction without adsorption of 14 co-existing elements seen in e-waste. These discoveries are further exploited in highly efficient, continuous gold recycling from e-waste with good scalability and economic viability, as exemplified by extracting gold from e-waste using a rGO membrane based flow-through process. 

/pdf/highly-efficient-and-selective-extraction-of-gold-by-reduced-2nlw30m9.pdf

Highly efficient and selective extraction of gold by reduced graphene oxide

ABSTRACT Good quality of water determines the healthy life of living beings on this earth. The cleanliness of water was interrupted by the pollutants emerging out of several human activities. Industrialization, urbanization, heavy population, and improper disposal of wastes are found to be the major reasons for the contamination of water. Globally, the inclusion of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy metals released by manufacturing industries, pharmaceuticals, and petrochemical processes have created environmental issues. The toxic nature of these pollutants has led researchers, scientists, and industries to exhibit concern toward the complete eradication of them. In this scenario, the development of wastewater treatment methodologies at low cost and in an eco-friendly way had gained importance at the international level. Recently, bio-based technologies were considered for environmental remedies. Biofiltration-based works have shown a significant result for the removal of volatile organic compounds and heavy metals in the treatment of wastewater. This was done with several biological sources such as bacteria, fungi, algae, plants, yeasts, etc. The biofiltration technique is cost-effective, simple, biocompatible, sustainable, and eco-friendly compared to conventional techniques. This review article provides deep insight into biofiltration technologies engaged in the removal of volatile organic compounds and heavy metals in the wastewater treatment process. Graphical abstract

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/21655979.2022.2050538?needAccess=true

A review on biofiltration techniques: recent advancements in the removal of volatile organic compounds and heavy metals in the treatment of polluted water

A hair fiber inspired bio-based adhesive with high bonding strength and mildew tolerance

Abstract When combined with nanomaterials, antibiotics show antibacterial activity against susceptible and resistant bacterial strains at significantly lower concentrations. Unfortunately, to date, no research study has examined the effect of the antibiotic mode of action and mechanism of bacterial resistance on the effectiveness of combined antibacterial treatment with nanomaterials. Therefore, in this review, we performed a thorough analysis and critical evaluation of previously published data related to the combined antibacterial effect of antibiotics with nanostructured materials with a targeted focus on relationships between antibiotic’s modes of action and bacterial resistance mechanisms for relevant nanomaterials and their impact on the resulting synergistic effects. Following thorough data analysis and critical discussion, we have discovered and are the first who present that antibiotic’s mode of action and bacterial resistance mechanism determine the final effectiveness of combined antibacterial treatment with nanomaterials. We therefore conclude that only certain combinations of nanomaterials with antibiotics can lead to the enhancement and restoration of the antibacterial effectiveness of antibiotics against certain resistant bacteria. Moreover, the recently occurring development of bacterial resistance towards nanomaterials is also discussed together with a possibility of how to prevent it. All discovered findings provide a new view and perspective on this issue helping to navigate further approaches to combat the antibiotic crisis. Graphical abstract

/pdf/antibacterial-nanomaterials-upcoming-hope-to-overcome-2oqc0q6h.pdf

Antibacterial nanomaterials: Upcoming hope to overcome antibiotic resistance crisis

ConspectusProtein thin films (PTFs) with tunable structure and function can offer multiple opportunities in various fields such as surface modification, biomaterials, packaging, optics, electronics, separation, energy, and environmental science. Although nature may offer a variety of examples of high-level control of structure and function, e.g., the S layer of cells, synthetic alternatives for large-area protein-based thin films with fine control over both biological function and material structure are a key challenge, especially when aiming for facile, low-cost, green, and large-scale preparation as well as a further extension of function, such as the encapsulation and release of functional building blocks.Therefore, regarding the structure and function of PTFs, we will first briefly comment on the problems associated with PTF fabrication, and then, regarding the basis of our long-term research on protein-based thin films, we will summarize the new strategies that we have developed in recent years to explore and control the structure and function of PTFs for frontier research and practical applications.Inspired by naturally occurring protein amyloid fibrillization, we proposed the amyloid-like protein aggregation strategy to assemble proteins into supramolecular 2D films with extremely large sizes and enduring interfacial adhesion stability. This approach opened a new window for PTF fabrication in which the spontaneous interfacial 2D aggregation of protein oligomers instead of traditional 1D protofibril elongation directs the assembly of proteins. As a result, the film morphology, thickness, porosity, and function can be tailored by simply tuning the interfacial aggregation pathways.We further modified amyloid-like protein aggregation to develop chemoselective reaction-induced protein aggregation (CRIPA). It is well known that chemoselective reactions have been employed for protein modification. However, the application of such reactions in PTF fabrication has been overlooked. We initiated this new strategy by employing thiol-disulfide exchange reactions. These reactions are chemoselective toward proteins containing specific disulfide bonds with high redox potentials, resulting in amyloid-like aggregation and thin film formation. Functional proteins with immunity to such reactions can be encapsulated in thin films and released on demand without a loss of activity, opening a new avenue for the development of functional PTFs and coatings.Finally, the resultant amyloid-inspired PTFs, as a new type of biomimetic materials, provide a good platform for integration with various biomedical functions. Here, the creation of bioactive surfaces on virtually arbitrary substrates by amyloid-like PTFs will be discussed, highlighting antimicrobial, antifouling, molecular separation, and interfacial biomineralization activities that exceed those of their native protein precursors and synthetic alternatives.

Controlling the Structure and Function of Protein Thin Films through Amyloid-like Aggregation.

Amyloid-like aggregates of bovine serum albumin for extraction of gold from ores and electronic waste

Summary Biomass materials have gained considerable attention as sustainable and renewable resources for the production of adsorbents. However, there remain significant challenges to their application scale-up, such as complex production or processing methods, poor stability, high cost, and low adsorption capacity. Herein, we report an environmentally friendly protein-polysaccharide complex that exhibits excellent removal efficiency of toxic metal ions. Through amyloid-mediated coacervation, the bovine serum albumin (BSA) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) complex, which can be formed within 1 min. The adsorbent is effective for the simultaneous removal of multiple toxic metal ions species (Hg2+, Cr3+, Pb2+, Cd2+, As3+, Ni2+, and Co2+) and radioactive elements (uranium) from tap water (at

Toxic metal ion sequestration by amyloid-mediated fast coacervation

A fatal weakness in flexible electronics is the mechanical fracture that occurs during repetitive fatigue deformation; thus, controlling the crack development of the conductive layer is of prime importance and has remained a great challenge until now. Herein, this issue is tackled by utilizing an amyloid/polysaccharide molecular composite as an interfacial binder. Sodium alginate (SA) can take part in amyloid-like aggregation of the lysozyme, leading to the facile synthesis of a 2D protein/saccharide hybrid nanofilm over an ultralarge area (e.g., >400 cm2 ). The introduction of SA into amyloid-like aggregates significantly enhances the mechanical strength of the hybrid nanofilm, which, with the help of amyloid-mediated interfacial adhesion, effectively diminishes the microcracks in the hybrid nanofilm coating after repetitive bending or stretching. The microcrack-free hybrid nanofilm then shows high interfacial activity to induce electroless deposition of metal in a Kelvin model on a substrate, which noticeably suppresses the formation of microcracks and consequent conductivity loss during the bending and stretching of the metal-coated flexible substrates. This work underlines the significance of amyloid/polysaccharide nanocomposites in the design of interfacial binders for reliable flexible electronic devices and represents an important contribution to mimicking amyloid and polysaccharide-based adhesive cements created by organisms.

Crack Suppression in Conductive Film by Amyloid-Like Protein Aggregation toward Flexible Device

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Amyloid-like aggregates of bovine serum albumin for extraction of gold from ores and electronic waste

Toxic metal ion sequestration by amyloid-mediated fast coacervation

Crack Suppression in Conductive Film by Amyloid-Like Protein Aggregation toward Flexible Device