Hypertension is closely linked to increased cardiovascular risk and development of target organ damage (TOD). Therefore, proper clinical follow-up and treatment of hypertensive subjects are mandatory. A great number of individuals present a variation on blood pressure (BP) levels when they are assessed either in the office or in the out-of-office settings. This phenomenon is defined as white coat syndrome - a change in BP levels due to the presence of a physician or other health professional. In this context, the term "white coat syndrome" may refer to three important and different clinical conditions: 1) white coat hypertension, 2) white coat effect, and 3) masked hypertension. The development of TOD and the increased cardiovascular risk play different roles in these specific subgroups of white coat syndrome. Correct diagnose and clinical guidance are essential to improve the prognosis of these patients. The aim of this review was to elucidate contemporary aspects of these types of white coat syndrome on general and hypertensive population.

/pdf/white-coat-syndrome-and-its-variations-differences-and-55hay0cr7v.pdf

White coat syndrome and its variations: differences and clinical impact.

Hypertension guidelines recommend that blood pressure (BP) should be measured using a monitor that has passed validation testing for accuracy. BP monitors that have not undergone rigorous validation testing can still be cleared by regulatory authorities for marketing and sale. This is the situation for most BP monitors worldwide. Thus, consumers (patients, health professionals, procurement officers, and general public) may unwittingly purchase BP monitors that are non-validated and more likely to be inaccurate. Without prior knowledge of these issues, it is extremely difficult for consumers to distinguish validated from non-validated BP monitors. For the above reasons, the aim of this paper is to provide consumers guidance on how to check whether a BP monitor has been properly validated for accuracy. The process involves making an online search of listings of BP monitors that have been assessed for validation status. Only those monitors that have been properly validated are recommended for BP measurement. There are numerous different online listings of BP monitors, several are country-specific and two are general (international) listings. Because monitors can be marketed using alternative model names in different countries, if a monitor is not found on one listing, it may be worthwhile cross-checking with a different listing. This information is widely relevant to anyone seeking to purchase a home, clinic, or ambulatory BP monitor, including individual consumers for use personally or policy makers and those procuring monitors for use in healthcare systems, and retailers looking to stock only validated BP monitors.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jch.14065

How to check whether a blood pressure monitor has been properly validated for accuracy

1. Introducao O Departamento de Cardiologia da Mulher (DCM) apresenta este documento, elaborado de acordo com as normas estabelecidas pela Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (SBC), com a finalidade de discutir sobre as patologias cardiovasculares mais prevalentes que acometem a mulher durante o ciclo gravidico-puerperal e para as quais nao existem evidencias substanciais ou ensaios clinicos randomizados. Com o apoio da SBC, o entao Departamento de Cardiopatia e Gravidez publicou, em 1999, o 1° Consenso sobre Cardiopatia e Gravidez e Planejamento [...]

/pdf/brazilian-cardiology-society-statement-for-management-of-4hoxcllzhc.pdf

Brazilian Cardiology Society Statement for Management of Pregnancy and Family Planning in Women with Heart Disease - 2020.

Objetivo analisar a associacao entre caracteristicas demograficas, academicas, de saude, estresse, sobrepeso e obesidade em estudantes de enfermagem. Metodo estudo transversal, com 95 estudantes de uma universidade privada do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Aplicou-se questionario de caracterizacao demografica, academica e de saude e utilizou-se a Escala de Avaliacao do Estresse em Estudantes de Enfermagem. Medidas antropometricas foram mensuradas. Empregaram-se analises descritivas e bivariadas. Resultados predominaram estudantes do sexo feminino, com idade media de 25,6 ± 5,87 anos. Observou-se aumento de peso em 52,6% dos estudantes e niveis de estresse alto (29,5%) e muito alto (36,8%) no dominio Formacao Profissional. Nenhum dos dominios da escala de estresse se mostrou associado ao sobrepeso e obesidade. Conclusao o sobrepeso e obesidade mostraram-se associados ao sexo masculino, pressao arterial elevada, ganho de peso desde o inicio do curso, circunferencia abdominal alterada, nao realizacao de atividade fisica, comer mais em situacoes de estresse e ingerir alimentos nao saudaveis.

/pdf/estresse-e-sobrepeso-obesidade-em-estudantes-de-enfermagem-qrj7curqf2.pdf

Estresse e sobrepeso/obesidade em estudantes de enfermagem

Handgrip strength (HGS) is an important health biomarker whose low scores have been shown to be associated with the morbimortality. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with low HGS in older people in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. The study was carried out with data from the Study of Chronic Diseases (EDOC-I) – Older People, a cross-sectional household PAPI probability sample survey performed with 1016 people aged over 60 residing in Rio Branco in 2014. The low HGS was defined by the 20th percentile of the maximum HGS by sex and age group. Associations between variables of health status (psychological and physical) and low HGS, by sex, were estimated using logistic regression, expressed by adjusted ORs (aOR). Older individuals had lower median HGS than younger individuals (− 6.0 kg among men and − 2.6 kg among women). Women aged over 80 had, on average, the lower quintile of HGS compared to women of the previous age groups. Factors independently associated with low HGS in men and women, respectively, were low weigh in body mass index [(aOR = 2.80; 95%CI: 1.19, 6.61) and (aOR = 2.61; 95%CI: 1.46, 4.66)], anemia [(aOR = 4.15; 95%CI: 2.09, 8.21) and (aOR = 1.80; 95%CI: 1.06, 3.06)] and diabetes as a risk factor in men (aOR 1.95; 95%CI: 1.00, 3.81). There was a higher chance of low HGS in men with partners (aOR = 2.44; 95%CI: 1.32, 4.51), smokers or former smokers (aOR = 3.25; 95%CI: 1.25, 8.44), with current self-assessment of health worse than the 12 previous months (aOR = 2.21; 95%CI: 1.14, 4.30) and dependence in activities of daily living (aOR = 2.92; 95%CI: 1.35, 6.30). Only among women, there was an increased chance of low HGS associated with altered waist-to-hip ratio (aOR = 1.79; 95%CI: 1.02, 3.12), insomnia (aOR = 1.83; 95%CI: 1.10, 3.03) and physical activity from displacement/occupation (aOR = 1.75; 95%CI: 1.08, 2.84). Factors associated with low HGS are not the same between sexes, and the inclusion of HGS as a component of health assessment seems to be a promising strategy for disease prevention and health promotion.

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-6391/v2.pdf?c=1631843718000

Factors associated with low handgrip strength in older people: data of the Study of Chronic Diseases (Edoc-I)

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Capítulo 2 - Diagnóstico e Classificação